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Dynamics of Greenland's glacial fjords
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Glacial fjords form conduits between glaciers of the Greenland Ice Sheet and the North Atlantic. They are the gateways for importing oceanic heat to melt ice and for exporting meltwater into the ocean. Submarine melting ...
Hydrodynamic and morphodynamic responses to surfzone seafloor perturbations
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Holes and channels were excavated in the surf zone on an ocean beach near Duck, NC, and observations of the subsequent evolution of waves, currents, and the modified seafloor were used to investigate nearshore dynamics. ...
Late Quaternary climate variability and terrestrial carbon cycling in tropical South America
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Characterizing global and regional climate variability and climate-carbon cycle interactions in the past provides critical context for evaluating present and future climate trends. In this thesis, I use stable isotope and ...
Submesoscale turbulence in the upper ocean
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Submesoscale flows, current systems 1-100 km in horizontal extent, are increasingly coming into focus as an important component of upper-ocean dynamics. A range of processes have been proposed to energize submesoscale ...
Plan-view evolution of wave-dominated deltas
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Ocean waves are a powerful sediment transport mechanism in the coastal zone. This thesis investigates how waves shape deltaic landforms and how small scale river mouth processes affect large-scale delta morphology. I have ...
Chemical, isotopic, and temporal variations during crustal differentiation : insights from the Dariv Igneous Complex, Western Mongolia
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Fractional crystallization of mantle-derived basaltic melts is a critical process in producing a compositionally stratified continental crust characterized by a silicic upper crust and a mafic lower crust. This thesis ...
Seasonal and interannual variability in the hydrology and geochemistry of an outlet glacier of the Greenland Ice Sheet
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
In the spring and summer within the ablation zone of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), meltwater drains to the ice sheet bed through an evolving network of efficient channelized and inefficient distributed drainage systems. ...
A scientific framework for evaluating coral reef resilience to climate change
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
The 21st century warming and acidification of tropical oceans will impact the structure and function of coral reef ecosystems. Consequently, conservation efforts are increasingly focused on identifying and protecting reef ...
Little Ice Age climate in the western tropical Atlantic inferred from coral geochemical proxies
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Paleoclimate archives place the short instrumental record of climate variability in a longer temporal context and allow better understanding of the rate, nature and extent by which anthropogenic warming will impact natural ...
Molecular determination of marine iron ligands by mass spectrometry
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Marine microbes produce a wide variety of metal binding organic ligands that regulate the solubility and availability of biologically important metals such as iron, copper, cobalt, and zinc. In marine environments where ...