Search
Now showing items 1-10 of 11
Single-molecule studies of the mechanism of eukaryotic helicase activation
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
Eukaryotic DNA replication is a fundamental process that must occur accurately and only once per cell cycle. To ensure that origins only initiate once per cell cycle, the events of DNA replication initiation are temporally ...
Profiling hotspots of DNA breaks and learning-induced gene expression in the mouse brain
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
Neuronal activity generates DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the brain. Topoisomerase IIb (TOP2B), important for relieving transcription-associated DNA supercoiling, was implicated as the source of these neuronal ...
Signal transduction in human cells by metabolites derived from methionine and glucose
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
Organisms sense nutrients to match physiological responses to their environment. The mechanistic Target of Rapamycin complex I (mTORC1) pathway integrates information from a wide range of nutrient inputs to appropriately ...
Understanding microRNA targeting with high-throughput biochemistry
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNAs that, in complex with Argonaute (AGO) proteins, guide repression of mRNA targets. miRNAs negatively regulate most mammalian mRNAs, and disruption of this regulation often results in severe ...
Genome organization in transcriptional regulation
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
Transcriptional regulation of gene expression plays critical roles in the control of cell identity, development, and disease. Genome organization contributes to transcriptional regulation in multiple ways. At a fundamental ...
Defining the role of aneuploidy throughout tumorigenesis
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
Aneuploidy is a state of genome imbalance which alters the copy number of whole chromosomes. While aneuploidy is rare in healthy tissues, it is one of the most common features of cancerous tumors. Studies of aneuploid yeast ...
Interactions between an integrative and conjugative element and its bacterial host
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
Conjugative elements are mobile genetic elements that can transfer from a donor bacterium to a recipient via an element-encoded type IV secretion system. Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are an abundant class ...
Separase cleaves the kinetochore protein Meikin to direct the meiosis I/II transition
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
To generate haploid gametes, meiotic cells must undergo two consecutive rounds of chromosome segregation without an intervening gap phase. Importantly, because homologous chromosomes are segregated in meiosis I, but sister ...
Investigation of two-component signaling systems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and their roles in the mucus barrier
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
All living things must be able to sense and respond to signals in their environment in order to grow and survive. For bacteria, a common means through which this occurs is via two-component signaling systems, which are ...
Integrative multi-omics dissection of cancer cell states and susceptibility
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2021)
Cancer cells are characterized by a broad spectrum of unique genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional states, which are often concomitant with high degrees of plasticity in cell identity. These cell states and the fluidity ...