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Unified framework to design efficient membrane distillation for brine concentration
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
Increasing regulations requiring industrial zero-liquid discharge necessitate the development of efficient desalination technologies for treating high salinity brine. Membrane distillation (MD) is promising for such ...
Development and translation of label-free functional microscopy based on optical coherence tomography
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
Optical coherence tomography (OCT), an imaging modality based on low coherence interferometry, can be extended to obtain various endogenous functional contrasts. This thesis focuses on the development and translation of ...
Advances in membrane-based oil/water separation
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
Oil is a widespread pollutant from oil spills to industrial oily wastewater in the oil and gas, metalworking, textile and paper, food processing, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. A wastewater of particular concern ...
Flapping wings for dual aerial and aquatic propulsion
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
Ocean sampling for short-transient underwater phenomena, such as harmful algal blooms, necessitates a vehicle capable of fast aerial travel interspersed with an aquatic means of acquiring in-situ measurements. Vehicle ...
Supernumerary robotic fingers for single-handed grasping and manipulation assistance
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
Hemiparetic patients, such as stroke survivors, have limited functionality in one of their hands and must constantly face challenges in completing simple bimanual tasks of daily living. A new type of wearable robot, namely ...
Analytical SLAM without linearization
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
This thesis solves the classical problem of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) in a fashion which avoids linearized approximations altogether. Based on creating virtual synthetic measurements, the algorithm uses ...
Nonlinear acoustics in the presence of an object with sum or difference frequency sensing
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
A general and complete second-order theory of nonlinear acoustics in the presence of an object is derived and shown to be consistent with experimental measurements. The total second-order field occurs at sum or difference ...
Engineered microvasculature platforms to study tumor-host-matrix interactions during metastatic seeding
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
Distant metastases, which result in >90% of cancer related deaths, is enabled by hematogenous dissemination of tumor cells via the circulation. In particular, tumor cell extravasation is thought to be an essential and ...
A framework for continuum simulation of granular flow
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
Granular materials have eluded continuum modeling attempts for centuries. A significant chunk of the complexity lies in the trans-phase behavior of granular media; while the material has a yield stress and can therefore ...
Characterization and performance of vertically-aligned carbon nanotubes in capacitive deionization systems
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
Less than 1% of the world's 1.4 billion km³ of water is available freshwater. In contrast, 98% of the world's water is in the form of brackish and seawater (1000-35,000 ppm or 10-600 mM NaCl concentration). Desalination ...