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Regulation of microtubule attachment at the kinetochore and cell cortex
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
During mitosis, the cell divides in two, evenly distributing the genetic material and splitting the rest of cellular contents between the resulting daughter cells. This process is essential, rapid, and complex, requiring ...
Adhesion-GPCRs in cancer progression and metastasis
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Adhesion-GPCRs, a novel family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are characterized by an extended extracellular region linked to a seven-pass transmembrane moiety via GPCR proteolytic site (GPS)-containing stalk ...
Prevalence and prevention of large-scale somatic copy number alterations
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
Organismal viability is contingent upon the transmission of a balanced genome to the next generation. Genomic imbalance on the order of megabases, as occurs with sub-chromosome copy number variants (CNVs) or whole-chromosome ...
Discovering regulators of the amino acid sensing pathway of mTORC1
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex I (mTORC1) protein kinase functions as a master regulator of growth, and its deregulation is common in human disease, including cancer and diabetes. mTORC1 integrates multiple ...
Mechanisms of microenvironmental paracrine signaling in cancer chemoresistance
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Chemoresistance remains a major barrier to the effective treatment of cancer. Cancer therapy occurs in the context of a tissue environment, with cancer cells surrounded by many non-malignant cells that contribute to tumor ...
Insights into the consequences of chromosome gains and losses in S. cerevisiae
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
When cells divide, they must properly duplicate and segregate their genome to generate two identical daughter cells with faithful transmission of the genomic content. Errors in chromosome segregation lead to aneuploidy, a ...
The role of dosage sensitive genes in aneuploid phenotypes
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
Aneuploidy-the gain or loss of one or more whole chromosomes-typically has an adverse impact on organismal fitness, manifest in conditions such as Down syndrome. A central question is whether aneuploid phenotypes are the ...
Investigating functions of tumor-infiltrating natural killer cells in genetically-engineered mouse models of non-small cell lung cancer
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
The immune system has long been hypothesized to play a role in restraining tumor growth, but compelling evidence for this role evaded scientists for the better part of a century. After many years of skepticism, the field ...
Functional and structural studies of AAA+ proteases
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016)
AAA+ proteases are found in all domains of life. They degrade misfolded proteins as well as specific regulatory factors and thus play critical roles in protein quality control and numerous cellular processes. These enzymes ...
Delineation of the molecular mechanisms underlying DNA replication initiation and changes in gene copy number during Drosophila development
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017)
The study of differential DNA replication programs in Drosophila has provided important insight into the molecular control of replication initiation and fork progression during development. We investigated the mechanisms ...