|
Abstract:
|
ABSTRACT
This article challenges certain tenets of the theories of reflexive law and ecological
modernization. While far-sighted prevention-oriented and structural changes are needed,
some proponents of these theories argue that the very industries and firms that create
environmental problems can, through continuous institutional learning; the application of
life cycle analysis; dialogue and networks with stakeholders; and implementation of
"environmental management systems," be transformed into sustainable industries and
firms. While useful, these reforms are insufficient. It is not marginal or incremental
changes that are needed for sustainability, but rather major product, process, and system
transformations ? often beyond the capacity of the dominant industries and firms. This
article also questions the alleged failure of regulation to stimulate needed technological
changes, and identifies the conditions under which innovation for sustainability can
occur. Finally, it discusses differences in needed policies for industrialized and
developing countries |
