A tactile communication system for navigation

Abstract

A vibrotactile display for use in navigation has been designed and evaluated. The arm and the torso, which offer relatively large and flat surface areas, were chosen as locations for the displays. The ability of subjects to identify patterns of vibrotactile stimulation on the arm and torso was tested in a series of experiments using the vibrotactile displays. A variety of patterns of stimulation was evaluated to determine which was most effective, and the efficacy of two types of motors (pancake and cylindrical) was compared. The arm display was tested with sedentary subjects in the laboratory, and the torso display was tested both in the laboratory with sedentary subjects and outdoors with active subjects. The results indicated that identification of the vibrotactile patterns was superior on the torso as compared to the forearm, with subjects achieving 99-100% accuracy with seven of the eight patterns presented. The torso display was equally effective for both sedentary and active subjects.