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Does Model Sensitivity to Changes in CO2 Provide a Measure of Sensitivity to the Forcing of Different Nature?
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2005-03)
Simulation of both the climate of the 20th century and of possible future climate change requires taking into account numerous forcings of different nature. Climate sensitivities of existing general circulation models, ...
Consequences of Considering Carbon/Nitrogen Interactions on the Feedbacks between Climate and the Terrestrial Carbon Cycle
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2007-06)
A number of observational studies indicate that carbon sequestration by terrestrial ecosystems in a world with an atmosphere richer in carbon dioxide and a warmer climate depends on the interactions between the carbon and ...
Global Economic Effects of Changes in Crops, Pasture, and Forests due to Changing Climate, Carbon Dioxide, and Ozone
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2007-05)
Multiple environmental changes will have consequences for global vegetation. To the extent that crop yields and pasture and forest productivity are affected there can be important economic consequences. We examine the ...
The Influence on Climate Change of Differing Scenarios for Future Development Analyzed Using the MIT Integrated Global System Model
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2008-09)
A wide variety of scenarios for future development have played significant roles in climate policy discussions. This paper presents projections of greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations, sea level rise due to thermal expansion ...
Sensitivity of Climate Change Projections to Uncertainties in the Estimates of Observed Changes in Deep-Ocean Heat Content
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2008-11)
The MIT 2D climate model is used to make probabilistic projections for changes in global mean surface temperature and for thermosteric sea level rise under a variety of forcing scenarios. The uncertainties in climate ...
Unintended Environmental Consequences of a Global Biofuels Program
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2009-01)
Biofuels are being promoted as an important part of the global energy mix to meet the climate change challenge. The environmental costs of biofuels produced with current technologies at small scales have been studied, but ...
MIT Integrated Global System Model (IGSM) Version 2: Model Description and Baseline Evaluation
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2005-07)
The MIT Integrated Global System Model (IGSM) is designed for analyzing the global environmental changes that may result from anthropogenic causes, quantifying the uncertainties associated with the projected changes, and ...
Sensitivity of Climate to Diapycnal Diffusivity: Part I. Equilibrium State; Part II. Global Warming Scenario
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2004-05)
Part I: The diapycnal diffusivity in the ocean is one of the least known parameters in current climate models. Measurements of this diffusivity are sparse and insufficient for compiling a global map. Inferences from inverse ...
Constraining Climate Model Parameters from Observed 20th Century Changes
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2008-04)
We present revised probability density functions for climate model parameters (effective climate sensitivity, the rate of deep-ocean heat uptake, and the strength of the net aerosol forcing) that are based on climate change ...
Estimated PDFs of Climate System Properties Including Natural and Anthropogenic Forcings
(MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2005-09)
We present revised probability density functions (PDF) for climate system properties (climate sensitivity, rate of deep-ocean heat uptake, and the net aerosol forcing strength) that include the effect on 20th century ...