Browsing MIT Open Access Articles by Title
Now showing items 1116-1135 of 55750
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Advertising in a Competitive Market: The Role of Product Standards, Customer Learning, and Switching Costs
(American Marketing Association, 2013-08)Standard models of competition predict that firms will sell less when competitors target their customers with advertising. This is particularly true in mature markets with many competitors that sell relatively undifferentiated ... -
Advertising to Early Trend Propagators: Evidence from Twitter
(Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS), 2018-01)In the digital economy, influencing and controlling the spread of information is a key concern for firms. One way firms try to achieve this is to target firm communications to consumers who embrace and propagate the spread ... -
Advice coins for classical and quantum computation
(Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2011-06)We study the power of classical and quantum algorithms equipped with nonuniform advice, in the form of a coin whose bias encodes useful information. This question takes on particular importance in the quantum case, due to ... -
AE9, AP9 and SPM: New Models for Specifying the Trapped Energetic Particle and Space Plasma Environment
(Springer Netherlands, 2013-03)The radiation belts and plasma in the Earth’s magnetosphere pose hazards to satellite systems which restrict design and orbit options with a resultant impact on mission performance and cost. For decades the standard space ... -
Aerial Platform Design Options for a Life-Finding Mission at Venus
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2022-07-07)Mounting evidence of chemical disequilibria in the Venusian atmosphere has heightened interest in the search for life within the planet’s cloud decks. Balloon systems are currently considered to be the superior class ... -
Aerobic Glycolysis: Meeting the Metabolic Requirements of Cell Proliferation
(Annual Reviews, 2011-11)Warburg's observation that cancer cells exhibit a high rate of glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen (aerobic glycolysis) sparked debate over the role of glycolysis in normal and cancer cells. Although it has been ... -
Aerodigestive sampling reveals altered microbial exchange between lung, oropharyngeal, and gastric microbiomes in children with impaired swallow function
(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2019-05-20)Background Children with oropharyngeal dysphagia have impaired airway protection mechanisms and are at higher risk for pneumonia and other pulmonary complications. Aspiration of gastric contents is often implicated as a ... -
Aerodynamic Risk Assessment using Parametric, Three-Dimensional Unstructured, High-Fidelity CFD and Adaptive Sampling
(American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), 2021) -
The aerodynamics of the beautiful game
(Les Editions de l’Ecole Polytechnique, 2013)We consider the aerodynamics of football, specifically, the interaction between a ball in flight and the ambient air. Doing so allows one to account for the characteristic range and trajectories of balls in flight, as well ... -
Aeroelastic deformation of a perforated strip
(American Physical Society, 2018-01)We perform a combined experimental and numerical investigation into the static deformation of perforated elastic strips under uniform aerodynamic loading at high-Reynolds-number conditions. The static shape of the porous ... -
Aerogel-based solar thermal receivers
(Elsevier BV, 2017-10)In any solar thermal application, such as solar space heating, solar hot water for domestic or industrial use, concentrating solar power, or solar air conditioning, a solar receiver converts incident sunlight into heat. ... -
The AEROS mission: multi-spectral ocean science measurement network via small satellite connectivity
(American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), 2021) -
An aerosol activation metamodel of v1.2.0 of the pyrcel cloud parcel model: development and offline assessment for use in an aerosol–climate model
(Copernicus GmbH, 2017-04)We describe an emulator of a detailed cloud parcel model which has been trained to assess droplet nucleation from a complex, multimodal aerosol size distribution simulated by a global aerosol-climate model. The emulator ... -
Aerosol Effects on Lightning Characteristics: A Comparison of Polluted and Clean Regimes
(American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2020-04-30) -
Aerosol effects on the photochemistry in Mexico City during MCMA-2006/MILAGRO campaign
(European Geosciences Union, 2011-06)In the present study, the impact of aerosols on the photochemistry in Mexico City is evaluated using the WRF-CHEM model for the period from 24 to 29 March during the MCMA-2006/MILAGRO campaign. An aerosol radiative module ... -
Aerosol elastic scatter signatures in the near- and mid-wave IR spectral regions
(The International Society for Optical Engineering, 2009-05)An essential milestone in the development of lidar for biological aerosol detection is accurate characterization of agent, simulant, and interferent scattering signatures. MIT Lincoln Laboratory has developed the Standoff ... -
Aerosol filtration using electrospun cellulose acetate fibers
(Springer US, 2015-07)Aerosol filtration using electrospun cellulose acetate filters with different mean fiber diameters is reported, and the results are compared with those for two conventional filter media, a glass fiber filter and a cellulose ... -
Aerosol formation pathways from aviation emissions
(IOP Publishing, 2022)Aviation emissions are responsible for an estimated 24,000 premature mortalities annually and 3.5% of anthropogenic radiative forcing (RF). Emissions of nitrogen and sulfur oxides(NOx and SOx) contribute to these impacts. ... -
Aerosol generation by raindrop impact on soil
(Nature Publishing Group, 2015-01)Aerosols are investigated because of their significant impact on the environment and human health. To date, windblown dust and sea salt from sea spray through bursting bubbles have been considered the chief mechanisms of ... -
Aerosol invigoration of atmospheric convection through increases in humidity
(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2021)© 2021 American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved. Cloud-aerosol interactions remain a major obstacle to understanding climate and severe weather. Observations suggest that aerosols enhance ...