Browsing MIT Open Access Articles by Title
Now showing items 13902-13921 of 55761
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The Effects of Political Institutions on the Extensive and Intensive Margins of Trade
(Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2019)We present a model of political networks that integrates both the choice of trade partners (the extensive margin) and trade volumes (the intensive margin). Our model predicts that regimes secure in their survival, including ... -
Effects of porous superhydrophilic surfaces on flow boiling critical heat flux in IVR accident scenarios
(American Nuclear Society ( ANS ), 2015)Critical Heat Flux (CHF) plays a key role in nuclear reactor safety both during normal operation as well as in accident scenarios. In particular,when an in-vessel retention (IVR) strategy is used as a severe accident ... -
The Effects of Prosthesis Inertial Properties on Prosthetic Knee Moment and Hip Energetics Required to Achieve Able-bodied Kinematics
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2015-07)There is a major need in the developing world for a low-cost prosthetic knee that enables users to walk with able-bodied kinematics and low energy expenditure. To efficiently design such a knee, the relationship between ... -
Effects of Prosthesis Mass on Hip Energetics, Prosthetic Knee Torque, and Prosthetic Knee Stiffness and Damping Parameters Required for Transfemoral Amputees to Walk With Normative Kinematics
(ASME International, 2014-08)We quantify how the hip energetics and knee torque required for an above-knee prosthesis user to walk with the kinematics of able-bodied humans vary with the inertial properties of the prosthesis. We also select and optimize ... -
Effects of Protective Shell Enclosures on Uranium Adsorbing Polymers
(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2018-11)This study aims to evaluate the impact of shell enclosures on the uranium uptake of amidoxime-based polymeric adsorbents contained within. Researchers have observed that the tensile strength of the adsorbent's polyethylene ... -
Effects of recoil spectra and electronic energy dissipation on defect survival in 3C-SiC
(Elsevier BV, 2021)© 2021 Acta Materialia Inc. The coincidence of electronic and damage energy dissipation from energetic ions to an atomic lattice can significantly affect damage production along the ion trajectory due to spatial overlap ... -
Effects of recoil spectra and electronic energy dissipation on defect survival in 3C-SiC
(Elsevier BV, 2021-03)© 2021 Acta Materialia Inc. The coincidence of electronic and damage energy dissipation from energetic ions to an atomic lattice can significantly affect damage production along the ion trajectory due to spatial overlap ... -
Effects of Robust Convex Optimization on Early-Stage Design Space Exploratory Behavior
(ASME International, 2020)Abstract Engineers design for an inherently uncertain world. In the early stages of design processes, they commonly account for such uncertainty either by manually choosing a specific worst-case and multiplying uncertain ... -
Effects of screening on the optical absorption in graphene and in metallic monolayers
(American Physical Society, 2014-02)Screening is one of the fundamental concepts in solid-state physics. It has a great impact on the electronic properties of graphene, where huge mobilities were observed in spite of the large concentration of charged ... -
Effects of Secondary Air on the Exhaust Oxidation of Particulate Matters
(SAE International, 2015-04)The effects of secondary air on the exhaust oxidation of particulate matters (PM) have been assessed in a direct-injection-spark-ignition engine under fuel rich fast idle condition (1200 rpm; 2 bar NIMEP). Substantial ... -
Effects of sequence motifs in the yeast 3′ untranslated region determined from massively parallel assays of random sequences
(BioMed Central, 2021-10)Abstract Background The 3′ untranslated region (UTR) plays critical roles in determining the level of gene expression through effects on activities such as mRNA stability ... -
Effects of Sevoflurane and Propofol on Frontal Electroencephalogram Power and Coherence
(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer) - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014-11)Background:: The neural mechanisms of anesthetic vapors have not been studied in depth. However, modeling and experimental studies on the intravenous anesthetic propofol indicate that potentiation of γ-aminobutyric acid ... -
Effects of shape and size polydispersity on strength properties of granular materials
(American Physical Society, 2015-03)By means of extensive contact dynamics simulations, we analyze the combined effects of polydispersity both in particle size and in particle shape, defined as the degree of shape irregularity, on the shear strength and ... -
Effects of short-term glucocorticoid treatment on changes in cartilage matrix degradation and chondrocyte gene expression induced by mechanical injury and inflammatory cytokines
(Biomed Central Ltd., 2011-09)Introduction: Traumatic joint injury damages cartilage and causes adjacent joint tissues to release inflammatory cytokines, increasing the risk of developing osteoarthritis. The main objective of this study was to ... -
Effects of short-term glucocorticoid treatment on changes in cartilage matrix degradation and chondrocyte gene expression induced by mechanical injury and inflammatory cytokines
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2011-09)Introduction Traumatic joint injury damages cartilage and causes adjacent joint tissues to release inflammatory cytokines, increasing the risk of developing osteoarthritis. The main objective of this study was to determine ... -
Effects of Side Chains on Polymer Knots
(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2019-08)As an intriguing phenomenon, knotting in DNA, proteins, and other molecules has been extensively investigated in recent years, not only because of fundamental interest in knotting but also because of significant effects ... -
Effects of simulated cosmological magnetic fields on the galaxy population
(Oxford University Press, 2015-11)We investigate the effects of varying the intensity of the primordial magnetic seed field on the global properties of the galaxy population in ideal magnetohydrodynamic cosmological simulations performed with the moving-mesh ... -
Effects of slow and regular breathing exercise on cardiopulmonary coupling and blood pressure
(Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016-05)Investigation of the interaction between cardiovascular variables and respiration provides a quantitative and noninvasive approach to assess the autonomic control of cardiovascular function. The aim of this paper is to ... -
Effects of solute and vacancy segregation on antiphase boundary migration in stoichiometric and Al-rich Fe₃Al: a phase-field simulation study
(Elsevier B.V., 2010-02)Effects of segregation of solute atoms and vacancies on migration of antiphase boundaries (APBs) in stoichiometric (Fe-25 at%Al) and Al-rich (Fe-28 at%Al) Fe₃Al at 673 K have been studied using a phase-field method in which ... -
Effects of Solute and Vacancy Segregation on Migration of a/4<111> and a/2<100> Antiphase Boundaries in Fe₃Al
(Elsevier B.V., 2009-06)The effects of segregation of solute atoms and vacancies on migration of a/4〈1 1 1〉 and a/2〈1 0 0〉 antiphase domain boundaries (APDBs) in stoichiometric Fe3Al at various temperatures are studied using a phase-field model ...
