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Browsing MIT Open Access Articles by Title

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  • Reward Prediction Error Signaling in Posterior Dorsomedial Striatum Is Action Specific 
    Ogawa, Masaaki; Stalnaker, Thomas A.; Calhoon, Gwendolyn G.; Roesch, Matthew R.; Schoenbaum, Geoffrey (Society for Neuroscience, 2012-07)
    Neural correlates of reward prediction errors (RPEs) have been found in dorsal striatum. Such signals may be important for updating associative action representations within striatum. In order that the appropriate ...
  • RFIDSim - A physical and logical layer simulation engine for passive RFID 
    Floerkemeier, Christian; Sarma, Sanjay Emani (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2009-01)
    adio-frequency identification (RFID) poses a number of research challenges, such as interference mitigation, throughput optimization and security over the RF channel. A number of new approaches to address these issues have ...
  • RFIDSim - A physical and logical layer simulation engine for passive RFID 
    Sarma, Sanjay Emani; Floerkemeier, Christian (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2008-12)
    Radio-frequency identification (RFID) poses a number of research challenges, such as interference mitigation, throughput optimization and security over the RF channel. A number of new approaches to address these issues ...
  • RFID tag antenna based temperature sensing using shape memory polymer actuation 
    Bhattacharyya, Rahul; Di Leo, Claudio V.; Floerkemeier, Christian; Sarma, Sanjay Emani; Anand, Lallit (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2011-01)
    Ubiquitous temperature monitoring is important to boost visibility in applications such as cold supply chain management. Current sensors monitor and log a time history of temperature data, but their cost limits the scale ...
  • RF performance of short channel graphene field-effect transistor 
    Wu, Y. Q.; Lin, Y. -M.; Jenkins, K. A.; Ott, J. A.; Dimitrakopoulos, C.; Farmer, D. B.; Xia, F.; Grill, A.; Antoniadis, Dimitri A.; Avouris, P.; Antoniadis, Dimitri A. (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2010-12)
    In this paper, the authors present experimental studies on transport characteristics of graphene FETs with channel lengths down to 70 nm. The factors limiting the performance of short channel graphene devices are discussed. ...
  • RF Power Degradation of GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors 
    Joh, Jungwoo; del Alamo, Jesus A. (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2011-01)
    We have developed a versatile methodology to systematically investigate the RF reliability of GaN High-Electron Mobility Transistors. Our technique utilizes RF and DC figures of merit to diagnose the degradation of RF ...
  • RF power potential of 45 nm CMOS technology 
    Putnam, Christopher; Gogineni, Usha; del Alamo, Jesus A. (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2010-03)
    This paper presents the first measurements of the RF power performance of 45 nm CMOS devices with varying device widths and layouts. We find that 45 nm CMOS can deliver a peak output power density of around 140 mW/mm with ...
  • Rheological and Thermal Properties of Icy Materials 
    Durham, William B.; Prieto-Ballesteros, O.; Goldsby, D. L.; Kargel, J. S. (Springer Netherlands, 2010-02)
    Laboratory measurements of physical properties of planetary ices generate information for dynamical models of tectonically active icy bodies in the outer solar system. We review the methods for measuring both flow properties ...
  • Rheo-PIV of a shear-banding wormlike micellar solution under large amplitude oscillatory shear 
    Dimitriou, Christopher J.; McKinley, Gareth H.; Casanellas Vilageliu, Laura; Ober, Thomas Joseph (Springer-Verlag, 2012-03)
    We explore the behavior of a wormlike micellar solution under both steady and large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) in a cone–plate geometry through simultaneous bulk rheometry and localized velocimetric measurements. ...
  • The Rhoptry Proteins ROP18 and ROP5 Mediate Toxoplasma gondii Evasion of the Murine, But Not the Human, Interferon-Gamma Response 
    Niedelman, Wendy Leah; Gold, Daniel; Rosowski, Emily Elizabeth; Sprokholt, Joris Kasper; Lim, Daniel Cham-Chin; Arenas, Ailan Farid; Melo, Mariane Bandeira; Spooner, Eric; Yaffe, Michael B.; Saeij, Jeroen (Public Library of Science, 2012-06)
    The obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii secretes effector proteins into the host cell that manipulate the immune response allowing it to establish a chronic infection. Crosses between the types I, II and III ...
  • Rhyme and Reason: Erasmus Darwin's Romanticism 
    Jackson, Noel B. (Duke University Press, 2009-06)
    The poetics of Erasmus Darwin's Botanic Garden, its status as an aesthetic as opposed to a purely scientific artifact, and the formal logic of the genre its author popularized have received scant historical attention. ...
  • Ribozyme-based "insulator parts" buffer synthetic circuits from genetic context 
    Lou, Chunbo; Stanton, Brynne Christine; Chen, Ying-Ja; Munsky, Brian; Voigt, Christopher A. (2013-04)
    Synthetic genetic programs are built from circuits that integrate sensors and implement temporal control of gene expression1–4. Transcriptional circuits are layered by using promoters to carry the signal between circuits. ...
  • Rib waveguide to strip waveguide mode converter using local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) 
    Spector, Steven Jay; Swint, Reuel B. (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2009-11)
    A mode converter that goes from a rib waveguide to a strip waveguide has been demonstrated. The mode converter contains a 3-D taper fabricated using LOCOS. The demonstrated losses are 0.34 dB per coupler.
  • Ricardo’s Theory of Comparative Advantage: Old Idea, New Evidence 
    Costinot, Arnaud; Donaldson, David John (American Economic Association, 2012-05)
    When asked to name one proposition in the social sciences that is both true and non-trivial, Paul Samuelson famously replied: 'Ricardo's theory of comparative advantage'. Truth, however, in Samuelson's reply refers to the ...
  • A Richer and More Diverse Future for Cell Biology 
    Schmid, Sandra L.; Carnes, Molly; Goodenough, Ursula; Hopkins, Nancy H.; Leboy, Phoebe; Masur, Sandra; Valian, Virginia (American Society for Cell Biology, 2010-11)
    Our vision: within the next few decades the composition of the faculty of cell biology, and of all biological science departments, will reflect the diverse composition of the graduate students in those departments. We are ...
  • Rictor Phosphorylation on the THR-1135 Site Does Not Require Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 2 
    Boulbes, Delphine; Chen, Chien-Hung; Shaikenov, Tattym; Agarwal, Nitin K.; Peterson, Timothy R.; Addona, Terri A.; Keshishian, Hasmik; Carr, Steven A.; Magnuson, Mark A.; Sabatini, David M.; Sarbassov, Dos D. (American Association for Cancer Research, 2010-05)
    In animal cells, growth factors coordinate cell proliferation and survival by regulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway. Deregulation of this signaling pathway is common in a variety of human cancers. ...
  • Rightsizing Shrinking Cities: The Urban Design Dimension [book chapter] 
    Ryan, Brent D. (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012)
    Recently urban policy makers have begun to make “rightsizing” a watchword for the perceived mismatch between shrinking city populations, physical and infrastructural plants, and bud gets. Built for a population in some ...
  • The Right Way 
    Winston, Patrick Henry (Cognitive Systems Foundation, 2012-07)
    I ask why humans are smarter than other primates, and I hypothesize that an important part of the answer lies in the Inner Language Hypothesis, a prerequisite to what I call the Strong Story Hypothesis, which holds that ...
  • Rigid Hydrophilic Structures for Improved Properties of Conjugated Polymers and Nitrotyrosine Sensing in Water 
    Swager, Timothy Manning; Vanveller, Brett Steven; Miki, Koji (American Chemical Society (ACS), 2010-03)
    The efficient synthesis of a hydrophilic monomer bearing a three-dimensional noncompliant array of hydroxyl groups is described that prevents water-driven excimer features of hydrophobic poly(p-phenylene ethynylene) ...
  • Rigidity of spherical codes 
    Cohn, Henry; Jiao, Yang; Kumar, Abhinav; Torquato, Salvatore (Mathematical Sciences Publishers, 2011-11)
    A packing of spherical caps on the surface of a sphere (that is, a spherical code) is called rigid or jammed if it is isolated within the space of packings. In other words, aside from applying a global isometry, the ...
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