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Browsing MIT Open Access Articles by Title

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  • Social sensing for epidemiological behavior change 
    Madan, Anmol Prem Prakash; Cebrian, Manuel; Lazer, David; Pentland, Alex Paul (Association for Computing Machinery, 2010-09)
    An important question in behavioral epidemiology and public health is to understand how individual behavior is affected by illness and stress. Although changes in individual behavior are intertwined with contagion, ...
  • Social sensing: Obesity, unhealthy eating and exercise in face-to-face networks 
    Madan, Anmol Prem Prakash; Moturu, Sai T.; Lazer, David; Pentland, Alex Paul (Association for Computing Machinery, 2010-10)
    What is the role of face-to-face interactions in the diffusion of health-related behaviors- diet choices, exercise habits, and long-term weight changes? We use co-location and communication sensors in mass-market mobile ...
  • Social Structure and Development: A Legacy of the Holocaust in Russia 
    Acemoglu, Daron; Hassan, Tarek A.; Robinson, James A. (Oxford University Press, 2010-08)
    We document a statistical association between the severity of the persecution, displacement and mass murder of Jews by the Nazis during World War II and long-run economic and political outcomes within Russia. Cities that ...
  • Society's Nervous System: Building Effective Government, Energy, and Public Health Systems 
    Pentland, Alex Paul (Elsevier B.V., 2011-10)
    Drawing on a unique, multi-year collaboration with the heads of major IT, wireless, hardware, health, and financial firms, as well as the heads of American, EU, and other regulatory organizations, and a variety of NGOs ...
  • Sociology, Street-Level Bureaucracy, and the Management of the Public Sector 
    Piore, Michael J. (Wiley-Blackwell Pubishers, 2011-01)
    This article extends the concept of street-level bureaucracy to address the problem of the inflexibility and rigidity of governmental rules and regulations, a problem at the heart of the standard economic argument against ...
  • The sociomateriality of organisational life: considering technology in management research 
    Orlikowski, Wanda J. (Oxford University Press on behalf of the Cambridge Political Economy Society, 2010-01)
    Drawing on a specific scenario from a contemporary workplace, I review some of the dominant ways that management scholars have addressed technology over the past five decades. I will demonstrate that while materiality is ...
  • Soft catenaries 
    Kamrin, Kenneth N.; Mahadevan, L. (Cambridge University Press, 2011-12)
    Using the classical catenary as a motivating example, we use slender-body theory to derive a general theory for thin filaments of arbitrary rheology undergoing large combined stretching and bending, which correctly accounts ...
  • Soft connections: Addressing the hardware-design modularity problem 
    Pellauer, Michael Ignatius; Emer, Joel S.; Adler, Michael; Chiou, Derek (Association for Computing Machinery, 2009-07)
    Hardware-design languages typically impose a rigid communication hierarchy that follows module instantiation. This leads to an undesirable side-effect where changes to a child’s interface result in changes to the parents. ...
  • Softening of the Radial Breathing Mode in Metallic Carbon Nanotubes 
    Kalbac, M.; Dresselhaus, Mildred; Sasaki, K.; Kong, Jing; Saito, R.; Hofmann, Mario; Farhat, Hootan (American Physical Society, 2009-03)
    The softening of the radial breathing mode (RBM) of metallic single walled carbon nanotubes (m-SWNTs) due to electron-phonon coupling has been studied by observing the Fermi level (ϵ[subscript F]) dependence of the RBM ...
  • Soft function for exclusive N-jet production at hadron colliders 
    Jouttenus, Teppo Tapani; Stewart, Iain; Tackmann, Frank; Waalewijn, Wouter J. (American Physical Society, 2011-06)
    The N-jettiness event shape divides phase space into N+2 regions, each containing one jet or beam. Using a geometric measure, these regions correspond to jets with circular boundaries. We give a factorization theorem for ...
  • Soft robot actuators using energy-efficient valves controlled by electropermanent magnets 
    Marchese, Andrew Dominic; Onal, Cagdas Denizel; Rus, Daniela L. (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2011-12)
    This paper presents the design, fabrication, and evaluation of a novel type of valve that uses an electropermanent magnet [1]. This valve is then used to build actuators for a soft robot. The developed EPM valves require ...
  • Software Challenges in Achieving Space Safety 
    Leveson, Nancy G. (British Interplanetary Society, 2009-07)
    Techniques developed for hardware reliability and safety do not work on software-intensive systems; software does not satisfy the assumptions underlying these techniques. The new problems and why the current approaches are ...
  • Software Fault Isolation with Api Integrity and Multi-Principal Modules 
    Mao, Yandong; Chen, Haogang; Zhou, Dong; Wang, Xi; Zeldovich, Nickolai; Kaashoek, M. Frans (Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2011-10)
    The security of many applications relies on the kernel being secure, but history suggests that kernel vulnerabilities are routinely discovered and exploited. In particular, exploitable vulnerabilities in kernel modules are ...
  • SOFTWARE STANDARDS FOR THE MULTICORE ERA 
    Schirrmeister, Frank; Griffin, Patrick; Domeika, Max; Brehmer, Sven; Holt, Jim; Agarwal, Anant (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2009-06)
    Systems architects commonly use multiple cores to improve system performance. Unfortunately, multicore hardware is evolving faster than software technologies. New multicore software standards are necessary in light of the ...
  • A software tool for creating simulated outbreaks to benchmark surveillance systems 
    Cassa, Christopher A.; Iancu, Karin; Olson, Karen L.; Mandl, Kenneth D. (BioMed Central Ltd, 2005-07)
    Background: Evaluating surveillance systems for the early detection of bioterrorism is particularly challenging when systems are designed to detect events for which there are few or no historical examples. One approach to ...
  • Soft x-ray emission spectroscopy studies of the electronic structure of silicon supersaturated with sulfur 
    Sullivan, Joseph Timothy; Winkler, Mark Thomas; Newman, B. K.; Buonassisi, Tonio; Wilks, R. G.; Weinhardt, L.; Recht, D.; Said, A. J.; Zhang, Y.; Blum, M.; Krause, S.; Yang, W. L.; Heske, C.; Aziz, M. J.; Bar, M. (American Institute of Physics (AIP), 2011-10)
    We apply soft x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) to measure the electronic structure of crystalline silicon supersaturated with sulfur (up to 0.7 at. %), a candidate intermediate-band solar cell material. Si L[subscript ...
  • The Soil Moisture Active and Passive Mission (SMAP): Science and Applications 
    Entekhabi, Dara; O’Neill, Peggy; Njoku, Eni (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2009-05)
    The soil moisture active and passive mission (SMAP) will provide global maps of soil moisture content and surface freeze/thaw state. Global measurements of these variables are critical for terrestrial water and carbon cycle ...
  • The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Mission 
    Entekhabi, Dara; Njoku, Eni G.; O’Neill, Peggy E.; Kellogg, Kent H.; Crow, Wade T.; Edelstein, Wendy N.; Entin, Jared K.; Goodman, Shawn D.; Jackson, Thomas J.; Johnson, Joel; Kimball, John; Piepmeier, Jeffrey R.; Koster, Randal D.; Martin, Neil; McDonald, Kyle C.; Moghaddam, Mahta; Moran, Susan; Reichle, Rolf; Shi, J. C.; Spencer, Michael W.; Thurman, Samuel W.; Tsang, Leung; Van Zyl, Jakob (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2010-05)
    The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is one of the first Earth observation satellites being developed by NASA in response to the National Research Council's Decadal Survey. SMAP will make global measurements of ...
  • SOI-Supported Microdevice for Hydrogen Purification Using Palladium–Silver Membranes 
    Deshpande, Kishori; Meldon, Jerry H.; Schmidt, Martin Arnold; Jensen, Klavs F. (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2010-04)
    High-purity hydrogen continues to receive attention as a promising energy source for fuel cells in portable power applications. On-demand hydrogen generation via fuel reforming offers a convenient alternative to hydrogen ...
  • Solar wind and geomagnetism: toward a standard classification of geomagnetic activity from 1868 to 2009 
    Zerbo, J. L.; Mazaudier, C. Amory; Ouattara, F.; Richardson, John D. (Copernicus GmbH, 2012-02)
    We examined solar activity with a large series of geomagnetic data from 1868 to 2009. We have revisited the geomagnetic activity classification scheme of Legrand and Simon (1989) and improve their scheme by lowering the ...
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