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Browsing MIT Open Access Articles by Title

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  • Validating Transcripts with Probes and Imaging Technology 
    Itzkovitz, Shaul Shalev; van Oudenaarden, Alexander (Nature Publishing Group, 2011-03)
    High-throughput gene expression screens provide a quantitative picture of the average expression signature of biological samples. However, the analysis of spatial gene expression patterns with single-cell resolution requires ...
  • Validation and application of an ensemble Kalman filter in the Selat Pauh of Singapore 
    Wei, Jun; Rizzoli, Paola M. (Springer, 2009-12)
    The effectiveness of an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is assessed in the Selat Pauh of Singapore using observing system simulation experiment. Perfect model experiments are first considered. The perfect model experiments ...
  • Validation and refinement of gene-regulatory pathways on a network of physical interactions 
    Yeang, Chen-Hsiang, 1969-; Mak, Craig; McCuine, Scott; Workman, Christopher; Ideker, Trey; Jaakkola, Tommi S. (BioMed Central Ltd, 2005-07)
    As genome-scale measurements lead to increasingly complex models of gene regulation, systematic approaches are needed to validate and refine these models. Towards this goal, we describe an automated procedure for prioritizing ...
  • Validation of a novel catheter guiding method for the ablative therapy of ventricular tachycardia in a phantom model 
    Hirschman, Gordon B.; Rosbury, Tamara S.; Armoundas, Antonis A.; Galea, Anna M.; Choppy, Kristen J.; Barley, Maya E.; Cohen, Richard J. (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2009-04)
    Accurate guidance of an ablation catheter is critical in the RF ablation (RFA) of ventricular tachycardia (VT). With current technologies, it is challenging to rapidly and accurately localize the site of origin of an ...
  • Validation of two-dimensional and three-dimensional measurements of subpleural alveolar size parameters by optical coherence tomography 
    Unglert, Carolin I.; Warger, William C.; Namati, Eman; Hostens, Jeroen; Birngruber, Reginald; Bouma, Brett E.; Tearney, Guillermo J. (SPIE, 2012-12)
    Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been increasingly used for imaging pulmonary alveoli. Only a few studies, however, have quantified individual alveolar areas, and the validity of alveolar volumes represented within ...
  • Valuation of Government Policies and Projects 
    Lucas, Deborah J. (Annual Reviews, 2012-01)
    Governments play a central role in the allocation of capital and risk in the economy. Evaluating the cost to taxpayers of government investments requires an assumption about the government’s cost of capital. Governments ...
  • Value iteration for (switched) homogeneous systems 
    Dahleh, Munther A.; Kolmanovsky, Ilya; Rinehart, Michael David (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2009-06)
    In this note, we prove that dynamic programming value iteration converges uniformly for discrete-time homogeneous systems and continuous-time switched homogeneous systems. For discrete-time homogeneous systems, rather than ...
  • The value of feedback for decentralized detection in large sensor networks 
    Tay, Wee Peng; Tsitsiklis, John N. (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2011-04)
    We consider the decentralized binary hypothesis testing problem in networks with feedback, where some or all of the sensors have access to compressed summaries of other sensors' observations. We study certain two-message ...
  • Value of Options in Airport Expansion - Example of AICM 
    Morgado, Frederico; Nagaralu, Sai Suresh; Macario, Rosario; de Neufville, Richard (European Regional Science Association, 2011-09)
    Investments decisions for airport capacity expansion are usually taken, either when demand exceeds the current capacity and the airport is working under congestion, or when current demand is expected to overcome current ...
  • Variability in gene expression underlies incomplete penetrance 
    van Oudenaarden, Alexander; Rifkin, Scott A.; Raj, Arjun; Andersen, Erik (Nature Publishing Group, 2010-02)
    The phenotypic differences between individual organisms can often be ascribed to underlying genetic and environmental variation. However, even genetically identical organisms in homogeneous environments vary, indicating ...
  • Variability, negative evidence, and the acquisition of verb argument constructions 
    Perfors, Amy; Tenenbaum, Joshua B.; Wonnacott, Elizabeth (Cambridge University Press, 2010-04)
    We present a hierarchical Bayesian framework for modeling the acquisition of verb argument constructions. It embodies a domain-general approach to learning higher-level knowledge in the form of inductive constraints (or ...
  • Variability of the Indo-Pacific Ocean exchanges 
    Wunsch, Carl (Elsevier B.V., 2010-08)
    The ECCO–GODAE global estimate of the ocean circulation 1992–2007 is analyzed in the region of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF), including the Southern Ocean flow south of Australia. General characteristics are an intense ...
  • A Variable Stiffness PZT Actuator Having Tunable Resonant Frequencies 
    Secord, Thomas William; Asada, Harry (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2010-12)
    A new approach to a variable stiffness actuator with tunable resonant frequencies is presented in this paper. Variable stiffness actuators have become increasingly important to meet safety requirements and achieve adaptive ...
  • A variable stiffness PZT cellular actuator with tunable resonance for cyclic motion tasks 
    Secord, Thomas William; Asada, Harry (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2009-07)
    A simple and efficient approach for varying the inherent stiffness and impedance of a muscle-like actuator is presented. The basic architecture of PZT cellular actuators has already achieved a large effective strain (10-20%). ...
  • Variance-reduced particle simulation of the Boltzmann transport equation in the relaxation-time approximation 
    Radtke, Gregg A.; Hadjiconstantinou, Nicolas (American Physical Society, 2009-05)
    We present an efficient variance-reduced particle simulation technique for solving the linearized Boltzmann transport equation in the relaxation-time approximation used for phonon, electron, and radiative transport, as ...
  • Variants of the elongator protein 3 (ELP3) gene are associated with motor neuron degeneration 
    Horvitz, H. Robert (Oxford University Press, 2008-11)
    Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a spontaneous, relentlessly progressive motor neuron disease, usually resulting in death from respiratory failure within 3 years. Variation in the genes SOD1 and TARDBP accounts for ...
  • Variational bayesian inference for point process generalized linear models in neural spike trains analysis 
    Chen, Zhe; Kloosterman, Fabian; Wilson, Matthew A.; Brown, Emery N. (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2010-03)
    Point process generalized linear models (GLMs) have been widely used for neural spike trains analysis. Statistical inference for GLMs include maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimation. Variational Bayesian (VB) methods ...
  • Variation-Aware Interconnect Extraction using Statistical Moment Preserving Model Order Reduction 
    Daniel, Luca; El-Moselhy, Tarek Ali (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2010-04)
    In this paper we present a stochastic model order reduction technique for interconnect extraction in the presence of process variabilities, i.e. variation-aware extraction. It is becoming increasingly evident that sampling ...
  • Variations in organic aerosol optical and hygroscopic properties upon heterogeneous OH oxidation 
    Cappa, Christopher D.; Che, Daphne L.; Kessler, Sean Herbert; Kroll, Jesse; Wilson, Kevin R. (American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2011-08)
    Measurements of the evolution of organic aerosol extinction cross sections (σ[subscript ext]) and subsaturated hygroscopicity upon heterogeneous OH oxidation are reported for two model compounds, squalane (a C30 saturated ...
  • Variations on a Theme by Schalkwijk and Kailath 
    Gallager, Robert G.; Nakiboglu, Baris (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2009-12)
    Schalkwijk and Kailath (1966) developed a class of block codes for Gaussian channels with ideal feedback for which the probability of decoding error decreases as a second-order exponent in block length for rates below ...
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