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Browsing CBCL Memos (1993 - 2004) by Title

Research and Teaching Output of the MIT Community

Browsing CBCL Memos (1993 - 2004) by Title

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  • On Convergence Properties of the EM Algorithm for Gaussian Mixtures 
    Jordan, Michael; Xu, Lei (1995-04-21)
    "Expectation-Maximization'' (EM) algorithm and gradient-based approaches for maximum likelihood learning of finite Gaussian mixtures. We show that the EM step in parameter space is obtained from the gradient via a ...
  • On Degeneracy of Linear Reconstruction from Three Views: Linear Line Complex and Applications 
    Stein, Gideon P.; Shashua, Amnon (1997-12-01)
    This paper investigates the linear degeneracies of projective structure estimation from point and line features across three views. We show that the rank of the linear system of equations for recovering the trilinear tensor ...
  • On the Convergence of Stochastic Iterative Dynamic Programming Algorithms 
    Jaakkola, Tommi; Jordan, Michael I.; Singh, Satinder P. (1993-08-01)
    Recent developments in the area of reinforcement learning have yielded a number of new algorithms for the prediction and control of Markovian environments. These algorithms, including the TD(lambda) algorithm of Sutton ...
  • On the difficulty of feature-based attentional modulations in visual object recognition: A modeling study. 
    Schneider, Robert; Riesenhuber, Maximilian (2004-01-14)
    Numerous psychophysical experiments have shown an important role for attentional modulations in vision. Behaviorally, allocation of attention can improve performance in object detection and recognition tasks. At the neural ...
  • On the Noise Model of Support Vector Machine Regression 
    Pontil, Massimiliano; Mukherjee, Sayan; Girosi, Federico (1998-10-01)
    Support Vector Machines Regression (SVMR) is a regression technique which has been recently introduced by V. Vapnik and his collaborators (Vapnik, 1995; Vapnik, Golowich and Smola, 1996). In SVMR the goodness of fit ...
  • On the V(subscript gamma) Dimension for Regression in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces 
    Evgeniou, Theodoros; Pontil, Massimiliano (1999-05-01)
    This paper presents a computation of the $V_gamma$ dimension for regression in bounded subspaces of Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces (RKHS) for the Support Vector Machine (SVM) regression $epsilon$-insensitive loss function, ...
  • People Recognition in Image Sequences by Supervised Learning 
    Nakajima, Chikahito; Pontil, Massimiliano; Heisele, Bernd; Poggio, Tomaso (2000-06-01)
    We describe a system that learns from examples to recognize people in images taken indoors. Images of people are represented by color-based and shape-based features. Recognition is carried out through combinations of Support ...
  • Perceiving Illumination Inconsistencies in Scenes 
    Ostrovsky, Yuri; Cavanagh, Patrick; Sinha, Pawan (2001-11-05)
    The human visual system is adept at detecting and encoding statistical regularities in its spatio-temporal environment. Here we report an unexpected failure of this ability in the context of perceiving inconsistencies in ...
  • Perceptual Evaluation of Video-Realistic Speech 
    Geiger, Gadi; Ezzat, Tony; Poggio, Tomaso (2003-02-28)
    abstract With many visual speech animation techniques now available, there is a clear need for systematic perceptual evaluation schemes. We describe here our scheme and its application to a new video-realistic ...
  • Perceptually-based Comparison of Image Similarity Metrics 
    Russell, Richard; Sinha, Pawan (2001-07-01)
    The image comparison operation ??sessing how well one image matches another ??rms a critical component of many image analysis systems and models of human visual processing. Two norms used commonly for this purpose are L1 ...
  • Policy Improvement for POMDPs Using Normalized Importance Sampling 
    Shelton, Christian R. (2001-03-20)
    We present a new method for estimating the expected return of a POMDP from experience. The estimator does not assume any knowle ge of the POMDP and allows the experience to be gathered with an arbitrary set of policies. ...
  • Pre-Attentive Segmentation in the Primary Visual Cortex 
    Li, Zhaoping (1998-06-30)
    Stimuli outside classical receptive fields have been shown to exert significant influence over the activities of neurons in primary visual cortexWe propose that contextual influences are used for pre-attentive visual ...
  • Priors Stabilizers and Basis Functions: From Regularization to Radial, Tensor and Additive Splines 
    Girosi, Federico; Jones, Michael; Poggio, Tomaso (1993-06-01)
    We had previously shown that regularization principles lead to approximation schemes, as Radial Basis Functions, which are equivalent to networks with one layer of hidden units, called Regularization Networks. In this ...
  • Probabilistic Independence Networks for Hidden Markov Probability Models 
    Smyth, Padhraic; Heckerman, David; Jordan, Michael (1996-03-13)
    Graphical techniques for modeling the dependencies of randomvariables have been explored in a variety of different areas includingstatistics, statistical physics, artificial intelligence, speech recognition, image ...
  • Properties of Support Vector Machines 
    Pontil, Massimiliano; Verri, Alessandro (1997-08-01)
    Support Vector Machines (SVMs) perform pattern recognition between two point classes by finding a decision surface determined by certain points of the training set, termed Support Vectors (SV). This surface, which in some ...
  • The Quadric Reference Surface: Theory and Applications 
    Shashua, Amnon; Toelg, Sebastian (1994-06-01)
    The conceptual component of this work is about "reference surfaces'' which are the dual of reference frames often used for shape representation purposes. The theoretical component of this work involves the question ...
  • Reciprocal Interactions Between Motion and Form Perception 
    Sinha, Pawan (1995-04-21)
    The processes underlying the perceptual analysis of visual form are believed to have minimal interaction with those subserving the perception of visual motion (Livingstone and Hubel, 1987; Victor and Conte, 1990). ...
  • Recognizing Indoor Scenes 
    Torralba, Antonio; Sinha, Pawan (2001-07-25)
    We propose a scheme for indoor place identification based on the recognition of global scene views. Scene views are encoded using a holistic representation that provides low-resolution spatial and spectral information. The ...
  • Relative Contributions of Internal and External Features to Face Recognition 
    Jarudi, Izzat N.; Sinha, Pawan (2003-03-01)
    The central challenge in face recognition lies in understanding the role different facial features play in our judgments of identity. Notable in this regard are the relative contributions of the internal (eyes, nose and ...
  • Risk Bounds for Mixture Density Estimation 
    Rakhlin, Alexander; Panchenko, Dmitry; Mukherjee, Sayan (2004-01-27)
    In this paper we focus on the problem of estimating a bounded density using a finite combination of densities from a given class. We consider the Maximum Likelihood Procedure (MLE) and the greedy procedure described by ...
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