In piston ring pack design, there is a tradeoff between reducing friction and increasing oil consumption. While friction reduces engine efficiency, oil consumption can poison exhaust aftertreatment systems. The primary ...

High speed atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a developing process in which nanoscale objects, such as crystal structures or strands of DNA, can be imaged at rates fast enough to watch processes as they occur. Although current ...

Vorticella convallaria, a sessile ciliated protozoan, has an about 100 m long stalk that retracts the zooid toward a substrate in a few milliseconds generating the contractile force in the order of 10 nN. The spasmoneme, ...