In the past few decades, neutrinos, which are predicted to be massless particles by the Standard Model of Particle Physics, have been shown to have non-zero mass. The absolute scale of this neutrino mass has significant ...

In this thesis, I develop a new, field-theoretic method for describing the quantum phase transition between Mott insulating and superfluid states observed in bosonic optical lattices. I begin by adding to the Hamiltonian ...

Due to the unique electronic properties of bismuth, bismuth nanowires provide an attractive low-dimensional system for studying quantum confinement effects, and have generated much interest in both optical and thermoelectric ...

Noise in adiabatic quantum computation can be modelled as a perturbation of the problem Hamiltonian. For a type of noise called control error, the perturbation can be considered to have the same structure as the problem ...

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) is a quantum nonlinear optical interference effect in which light at a certain frequency makes normally opaque atomic systems transparent to light at another frequency. Recent ...

Introduction: The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) located at Geneva, Switzerland, will be the biggest particle accelerator in the world. There are a number of detectors on the LHC ring. The LHCb detector is aimed to study ...

In this thesis we modelled interactions between metal probe and quantum Hall liquid. The setup geometries were similar to those met in scanning capacitance microscopy experiments carried out by Ashoori's group [1]. The ...