In the mouse, germ cells can undergo differentiation to become either oocytes or spermatozoa in response to sex of their gonadal environment. The nature of the germ cell-intrinsic aspects of this signaling have not been ...

Seafloor digital imagery and bathymetric data are used to evaluate the volcanic characteristics of the 85°E segment of the ultraslow spreading Gakkel Ridge (9 mm yr-¹). Imagery reveals that ridges and volcanic cones in the ...

Marine phytoplankton are central players in the global carbon cycle, responsible for nearly half of global primary production. The identification of the factors controlling phytoplankton ecology, physiology, and, ultimately, ...

The refolding and elimination of damaged and aggregated proteins requires the concerted effort of several branches of the protein quality-control network. This network includes refolding chaperones, disaggregases, holdases ...

The cell employs many classes of molecular chaperones to facilitate proteins in adopting the proper structure and preventing non-functional and potentially toxic non-native states. The Clp/Hsp100 family of ATPases are ...

Protein-peptide interactions have important roles in the majority of cellular processes. There are many families of peptide recognition domains in which homologous members display differential binding preferences for peptide ...

Bacteriophage lambda infection of Escherichia coli can result in distinct cell fate outcomes: for example, some cells lyse while others survive as lysogens. A quantitative molecular model of lambda infection supports the ...

In mitotic cell cycles, the genome must be replicated fully in each cell cycle to ensure the normal complement of chromosomes. Failure to replicate chromosomes fully or a failure to limit replication to once-per-cell-cycle ...

Meiosis is a modified cell cycle in which two round of chromosome segregation occur without an intervening DNA synthesis phase. As in mitosis, these cell divisions are driven in part by proteolysis mediated by the ...