| 1 |
Introduction to the Class
State of the World's Water and Sanitation Infrastructure
Problem Identification
The Millennium Development Goals for Water and Sanitation |
World Health Organization and UNICEF. Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment. Excerpts, 2000.
Visit Millennium Development Goals for some background information on the MDG process. |
| 2 |
Goals of W&S Investment: Human Health and Productivity Gains, the Environment |
World Bank. "Infrastructure: Achievements, challenges, and opportunities." In World Development Report 1994: Infrastructure for Development. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 1994, pp. 13-22. |
| 3 |
How to Define and Measure Access to Water Supply and Sanitation |
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| 4 |
Institutional Options for W&S Planning and Policy in Developing Countries |
Paul, S. "Accountability in Public Services: Exit, Voice and Control." World Development 20, no. 7 (1992): 1047-1060.
Budds, J., and G. McGranahan. "Are the Debates on Water Privatization Missing the Point? Experiences from Africa, Asia and Latin America." Environment and Urbanization 15, no. 2 (2003): 87-113 (pp. 87-98, 109-113).
Davis, J., et al. "Local Government: Kerala, India." In Good Governance in the Water & Sanitation Sector: Experience from South Asia. New Delhi, India: Water & Sanitation Program. 2001.
NOTE: If you are unfamiliar with international aid agencies like the World Bank, you will also find the following websites useful:The World Bank Group (click on 'About' at the top left corner); The World Bank and International Monetary Fund (start with the Q&A link).
Optional
Parkinson, J., and K. Tayler. "Decentralized Wastewater Management in Peri-Urban Areas in Low-Income Countries." Environment and Urbanization 15, no. 1 (2003): 75-89. |
| 5 |
Stakeholder Analysis: Actors in Water and Sanitation Infrastructure Planning and their Objectives |
Lovei, L., et al. "Rent-Extracting Behavior by Multiple Agents in the Provision of Municipal Water Supply: A study of Jakarta, Indonesia." Water Res. Research 29, no. 7 (1993): 1965-1974.
Davis, J. "Corruption in Public Services: Experience from South Asia's Water and Sanitation Sector." World Development 32, no. 1 (2004): 53-71.
Regmi, S., and B. Fawcett. "Integrating Gender Needs into Drinking-Water Projects in Nepal." Gender and Development 7, no. 3 (1999): 62-72. |
| 6 |
The Evolution of W&S Infrastructure Planning in Developing Countries: Supply-versus Demand-Oriented Approaches |
Garn, H. Lessons from large-scale rural water and sanitation projects: Transition and innovation. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 1997.
McPhail, A. "The 'five percent rule' for improved water service: Can households afford more?" World Development 21, no. 6 (1993): 963-973.
Whittington, D., J. Davis, H. Miarsono, and R. Pollard. "Designing a 'Neighborhood Deal' for Urban Sewers: A case study of Semarang, Indonesia." Journal of Planning Education and Research 19, (2000): 297-308. |
| 7 |
Demand-Oriented W&S Planning Continued
Pricing of Water and Sanitation Services |
MacRae, D., et al. "Assessing Preferences in Cost-Benefit Analysis: Reflections on Rural Water Supply Evaluation in Haiti." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 7, no. 2 (1988): 246-263.
Whittington, D. "Municipal Water Pricing and Tariff Design: A Reform Agenda for South Asia." Water Policy 5 (2003): 61-76.
"Willing to pay but unwilling to charge." Water and Sanitation Program. Field note. June 1999.
DeMoor, Andre. "Stalking the elusive subsidy" and "Water, water everywhere." In Subsidizing Unsustainable Development: Undermining the Earth with Public Funds. |
| 8 |
Providing Water and Sanitation Services to the Poor: Obstacles and Strategies |
Crane, R. "Water Markets, Market Reform and the Urban Poor: Results From Jakarta, Indonesia." World Development 22, no. 1 (1994): 71-83.
Davis, J., S. Tankha, A. Ghosh, P. Martin, T. Samad, B. Zia, and G. Prunier. "Good Governance the Water and Sanitation Sector: Experience from South Asia." In Report to the Water and Sanitation Program. Section 2.
Gomez-Lobo, A. "Making Water Affordable: Output-based Consumption Subsidies in Chile." In Contracting for public services: Output-based aid and its applications. Edited by P. Brooks and S. Smith. Washington, DC: The World Bank. 2001.
Collignon, B. Urban Water Supply Innovations in Côte d'lvoire: How Cross-Subsidies Help the Poor. Nairobi: Water & Sanitation Program. 2002. |
| 9 |
Discussion of Policy Memo #1
Wrap-up Discussion |
Highly recommend reading: Okun & Zaroff's piece on vending. |
| 10 |
Community Participation in Water Supply and Sanitation Services: Why and How? |
Watson, Gabrielle. Good Sewers Cheap? Agency-Customer Interactions in Low-Cost Urban Sanitation in Brazil. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 1995. (Notes: This looks like a long piece, but it has a lot of maps and figures, and it's an enjoyable read. Our discussion will largely center on Parts II-IV.)
Khwaja, A. I. "Can Good Projects succeed in Bad Communities? Collective Action in Public Good Provision." Unpublished Manuscript, Harvard University. 2002. (Notes: Focus on the 'intuition' Sections in the Presentation of the Econometric Model. Our discussion will largely center on Sections 5 and 6.)
"NGO profile: Orangi Pilot Project." Environment and Urbanization 7, no. 2 (1995): 227-236. |
| 11 |
Private Sector Participation in Water Supply and Sanitation Services |
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| 12 |
Guest Speaker: Dale Whittington, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill |
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| 13 |
Discussion of Policy Memo #2
Wrap-up Discussion |
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| 14 |
Individual or Small Group Meetings to Discuss Individual Research Projects |
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| 15 |
Individual or Small Group Meetings to Discuss Individual Research Projects (cont.) |
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