Environmental standards and beneficial uses of waste-to-energy (WTE) residues in civil engineering applications
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42768_2023_Article_140.pdf
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2.11 MB
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ad5d914687be7127632684c1569193a2
Author(s)
Tian, Yixi
Dai, Shengwei
Wang, Jianfeng
Date Issued
August 16, 2023
Publisher
Springer Nature Singapore
Citation
Tian, Yixi, Dai, Shengwei and Wang, Jianfeng. 2023. "Environmental standards and beneficial uses of waste-to-energy (WTE) residues in civil engineering applications."
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Abstract
The waste-to-energy (WTE) technologies are now recovering energy and materials from over 300 million tonnes of municipal solid wastes worldwide. Extensive studies have investigated substituting natural construction materials with WTE residues to relieve the environmental cost of natural resource depletion. This study examined the beneficial uses of WTE residues in civil engineering applications and the corresponding environmental standards in Europe, the U.S., and China. This review presents the opportunities and challenges for current technical approaches and the environmental standards to be met to stabilize WTE residues. The principal characteristics of WTE residues (bottom ash and fly ash) and the possible solutions for their beneficial use in developed and developing countries are summarized. The leaching procedures and environmental standards for pH, heavy metals, and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) are compared. The current practice and engineering properties of materials using WTE residues, including mixtures with stone aggregate or sand, cement-based or hot-mix asphalt concrete (pavement), fill material in the embankments, substitute of Portland cement or clinker production, and ceramic-based materials (bricks and lightweight aggregate) are comprehensively reviewed.
Graphical abstract
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42768-023-00140-8
