Development of a Self-Report Measure of Prediction in Daily Life: The Prediction-Related Experiences Questionnaire
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10803_2024_Article_6379.pdf
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Author(s)
O’Brien, Amanda M.
May, Toni A.
Koskey, Kristin L. K.
Bungert, Lindsay
Cardinaux, Annie
Cannon, Jonathan
Treves, Isaac N.
D’Mello, Anila M.
Joseph, Robert M.
Li, Cindy
Date Issued
May 7, 2024
Journal
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Citation
O’Brien, A.M., May, T.A., Koskey, K.L.K. et al. Development of a Self-Report Measure of Prediction in Daily Life: The Prediction-Related Experiences Questionnaire. J Autism Dev Disord (2024).
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Purpose
Predictions are complex, multisensory, and dynamic processes involving real-time adjustments based on environmental inputs. Disruptions to prediction abilities have been proposed to underlie characteristics associated with autism. While there is substantial empirical literature related to prediction, the field lacks a self-assessment measure of prediction skills related to daily tasks. Such a measure would be useful to better understand the nature of day-to-day prediction-related activities and characterize these abilities in individuals who struggle with prediction.
Methods
An interdisciplinary mixed-methods approach was utilized to develop and validate a self-report questionnaire of prediction skills for adults, the Prediction-Related Experiences Questionnaire (PRE-Q). Two rounds of online field testing were completed in samples of autistic and neurotypical (NT) adults. Qualitative feedback from a subset of these participants regarding question content and quality was integrated and Rasch modeling of the item responses was applied.
Results
The final PRE-Q includes 19 items across 3 domains (Sensory, Motor, Social), with evidence supporting the validity of the measure’s 4-point response categories, internal structure, and relationship to other outcome measures associated with prediction. Consistent with models of prediction challenges in autism, autistic participants indicated more prediction-related difficulties than the NT group.
Conclusions
This study provides evidence for the validity of a novel self-report questionnaire designed to measure the day-to-day prediction skills of autistic and non-autistic adults. Future research should focus on characterizing the relationship between the PRE-Q and lab-based measures of prediction, and understanding how the PRE-Q may be used to identify potential areas for clinical supports for individuals with prediction-related challenges.
MIT Department
McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06379-2
