The impact of sodium contamination in tin sulfide thin-film solar cells
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The impact of sodium contamination.pdf
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1.73 MB
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Checksum (MD5)
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Author(s)
Yang, Chuanxi
Polizzotti, Alex
Gordon, Roy G.
Steinmann, Vera
Brandt, Riley E
Chakraborty, Rupak
Jaramillo, Rafael
Young, Matthew C.
Ofori-Okai, Benjamin Kwasi
Nelson, Keith Adam
Date Issued
February 2016
Journal
APL Materials
Publisher
American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Citation
Steinmann, Vera, Riley E. Brandt, Rupak Chakraborty, R. Jaramillo, Matthew Young, Benjamin K. Ofori-Okai, Chuanxi Yang, Alex Polizzotti, Keith A. Nelson, roy G. Gordon and Tonio Buonassisi, "The impact of sodium contamination in tin sulfide thin-film solar cells." APL Materials 4 (2016): 026103.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Through empirical observations, sodium (Na) has been identified as a benign contaminant in some thin-film solar cells. Here, we intentionally contaminate thermally evaporated tin sulfide (SnS) thin-films with sodium and measure the SnS absorber properties and solar cell characteristics. The carrier concentration increases from 2 × 10[superscript 16] cm[superscript −3] to 4.3 × 10[superscript17] cm[superscript−3] in Na-doped SnS thin-films, when using a 13 nm NaCl seed layer, which is detrimental for SnS photovoltaic applications but could make Na-doped SnS an attractive candidate in thermoelectrics. The observed trend in carrier concentration is in good agreement with density functional theory calculations, which predict an acceptor-type Na[subscriptSn] defect with low formation energy.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemistry
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4941713
