MnBi2 is a Permanent Magnet
Name
2571359.pdf
Description
Accepted version
Size
2.77 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
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Author(s)
Badding, Catherine K
Riesel, Eric A
Murphy, Ryan A
Puggioni, Danilo
Popov, Dmitry
Fabbris, Gilberto
Haskel, Daniel
Rondinelli, James M
Altman, Alison B
Freedman, Danna E
Date Issued
July 15, 2025
Journal
Journal of the American Chemical Society
Publisher
American Chemical Society
Citation
MnBi2 Is a Permanent Magnet. Catherine K. Badding, Eric A. Riesel, Ryan A. Murphy, Danilo Puggioni, Dmitry Popov, Gilberto Fabbris, Daniel Haskel, James M. Rondinelli, Alison B. Altman, and Danna E. Freedman. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2025 147 (29), 25129-25135.
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
Creating and understanding new permanent magnets requires an understanding of the impact of orbital angular momentum on coercivity. A simple approach to interrogating this relationship is by incorporating high Z (where Z is the atomic number) elements into binary compounds to maximize spin–orbit coupling. The Mn–Bi system is an appealing platform for these studies since it contains MnBi, a permanent magnet with a large coercive field. We previously identified a new compound in the Mn–Bi system, MnBi2, but could not elucidate its magnetic properties ex situ due to its decomposition upon decompression. Here, we harnessed synchrotron X-ray magnetic circular dichroism to probe the magnetism of MnBi2 at high pressure within a diamond anvil cell. Our results indicate that MnBi2 exhibits ferromagnetic hysteresis at both 10 K and room temperature. Through calculations and experiments, we show that orbital angular momentum and spin–orbit coupling from Bi impart magnetic anisotropy in MnBi2. Comparing the Mn–Bi family of compounds, we consider the Bi p and d orbitals to explain the differences in magnetic behavior within the system. Collectively, these results validate leveraging high-Z elements in the synthesis of new hard permanent magnets.
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c06874
