Imprinto: Enhancing Infrared Inkjet Watermarking for Human and Machine Perception
Name
3706598.3713286.pdf
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13.27 MB
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Author(s)
Feick, Martin
Tang, Xuxin
Garcia-Martin, Raul
Luchianov, Alexandru
Huang, Roderick
Xiao, Chang
Siu, Alexa
Dogan, Mustafa Doga
Date Issued
April 25, 2025
Publisher
ACM|CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Citation
Martin Feick, Xuxin Tang, Raul Garcia-Martin, Alexandru Luchianov, Roderick Wei Xiao Huang, Chang Xiao, Alexa Siu, and Mustafa Doga Dogan. 2025. Imprinto: Enhancing Infrared Inkjet Watermarking for Human and Machine Perception. In Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '25). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 447, 1–18.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Hybrid paper interfaces leverage augmented reality to combine the desired tangibility of paper documents with the affordances of interactive digital media. Typically, virtual content can be embedded through direct links (e.g., QR codes); however, this impacts the aesthetics of the paper print and limits the available visual content space. To address this problem, we present Imprinto, an infrared inkjet watermarking technique that allows for invisible content embeddings only by using off-the-shelf IR inks and a camera. Imprinto was established through a psychophysical experiment, studying how much IR ink can be used while remaining invisible to users regardless of background color. We demonstrate that we can detect invisible IR content through our machine learning pipeline, and we developed an authoring tool that optimizes the amount of IR ink on the color regions of an input document for machine and human detectability. Finally, we demonstrate several applications, including augmenting paper documents and objects.
Description
CHI ’25, Yokohama, Japan
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Terms of Use
Creative Commons Attribution
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1145/3706598.3713286
