Edge scanning reflectometry for density profile measurement on the SPARC tokamak
Name
083540_1_5.0219533.pdf
Description
Published version
Size
6.44 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
d3fc3c1dc1263237d54e5d482a1a6c0f
Author(s)
Lin, Y
Nikolaeva, V
Hachmeister, D
Kowalski, E
Reinke, ML
Date Issued
August 21, 2024
Journal
Review of Scientific Instruments
Publisher
AIP Publishing
Citation
Y. Lin, V. Nikolaeva, D. Hachmeister, E. Kowalski, M. L. Reinke; Edge scanning reflectometry for density profile measurement on the SPARC tokamak. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 August 2024; 95 (8): 083540.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Edge scanning reflectometry (ESRL) on the SPARC tokamak aims to measure the electron density profile from the far scrape-off layer to the top of the typical H-mode pedestal and provide real-time data for plasma control. ESRL uses a standard frequency-modulated continuous wave technique from 18 to 90 GHz. By implementing both the O-mode and left-hand-cutoff X-mode, it covers densities from ∼4 × 1018 to ∼4 × 1020 m−3 at B0 ∼12 T. A voltage-controlled oscillator acts as the frequency sweep source. Phase-locked dielectric resonator oscillators and bandpass filters generate base signals ∼9–15 GHz. The signals are then frequency multiplied and amplified to reach the K (18–26 GHz), Ka (26–40 GHz), U (40–60 GHz), and E (60–90 GHz) bands. Multi-band signals are combined via the quasi-optical technique. ESRL plans to use oversized waveguides (∼20 m one-way) and a bi-static arrangement to minimize signal losses and distortions while allowing system flexibility. A COMSOL Multiphysics RF model in 2D has been set up to simulate the reflectometry process and help decide the layout of the horn antennas. Engineering analyses of the key parts of the system have been carried out in support of its preliminary design.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Plasma Science and Fusion Center
Terms of Use
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives
Persistent DSpace Link
DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219533
