Mechanisms of Neuroinvasion and Neuropathogenesis by Pathologic Flaviviruses
Name
viruses-15-00261.pdf
Size
2.52 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
73951e9b589d5102c711a4618ff97148
Author(s)
de Vries, Liset
Harding, Alfred T.
Date Issued
January 17, 2023
Publisher
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Citation
Viruses 15 (2): 261 (2023)
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Flaviviruses are present on every continent and cause significant morbidity and mortality. In many instances, severe cases of infection with flaviviruses involve the invasion of and damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, there are several mechanisms by which it has been hypothesized flaviviruses reach the brain, including the disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) which acts as a first line of defense by blocking the entry of many pathogens into the brain, passing through the BBB without disruption, as well as travelling into the CNS through axonal transport from peripheral nerves. After flaviviruses have entered the CNS, they cause different neurological symptoms, leading to years of neurological sequelae or even death. Similar to neuroinvasion, there are several identified mechanisms of neuropathology, including direct cell lysis, blockage of the cell cycle, indication of apoptosis, as well as immune induced pathologies. In this review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge in the field of mechanisms of both neuroinvasion and neuropathogenesis during infection with a variety of flaviviruses and examine the potential contributions and timing of each discussed pathway.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Medical Engineering & Science
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Creative Commons Attribution
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.3390/v15020261
