Functional Brain Basis of Hypnotizability
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Author(s)
Hoeft, Fumiko
Haas, Brian W.
Bammer, Roland
Menon, Vinod
Spiegel, David
Gabrieli, John D. E.
Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan
Date Issued
October 2012
Journal
Archives of General Psychiatry
Publisher
American Medical Association
Citation
Hoeft, Fumiko et al. “Functional Brain Basis of Hypnotizability.” Archives of General Psychiatry 69, 10 (October 2012): 1064-1072 © 2012 American Medical Association
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
Context Focused hypnotic concentration is a model for brain control over sensation and behavior. Pain and anxiety can be effectively alleviated by hypnotic suggestion, which modulates activity in brain regions associated with focused attention, but the specific neural network underlying this phenomenon is not known.
Objective To investigate the brain basis of hypnotizability.
Design Cross-sectional, in vivo neuroimaging study performed from November 2005 through July 2006.
Setting Academic medical center at Stanford University School of Medicine.
Patients Twelve adults with high and 12 adults with low hypnotizability.
Main Outcome Measures Functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure functional connectivity networks at rest, including default-mode, salience, and executive-control networks; structural T1 magnetic resonance imaging to measure regional gray and white matter volumes; and diffusion tensor imaging to measure white matter microstructural integrity.
Results High compared with low hypnotizable individuals had greater functional connectivity between the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, an executive-control region of the brain, and the salience network composed of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, amygdala, and ventral striatum, involved in detecting, integrating, and filtering relevant somatic, autonomic, and emotional information using independent component analysis. Seed-based analysis confirmed elevated functional coupling between the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in high compared with low hypnotizable individuals. These functional differences were not due to any variation in brain structure in these regions, including regional gray and white matter volumes and white matter microstructure.
Conclusions Our results provide novel evidence that altered functional connectivity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex may underlie hypnotizability. Future studies focusing on how these functional networks change and interact during hypnosis are warranted.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.2190
