Palm Fruit Bioactives augment expression of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Nile Grass Rat basal ganglia and alter the colonic microbiome
Name
s41598-019-54461-y.pdf
Description
Published version
Size
2.36 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
ad8ebd8f2055d469f2993fc881240994
Author(s)
Weinberg, Robert P.
Koledova, Vera V.
Schneider, Kirsten
Artamonova, Anastasia
Sinskey, Anthony J.
Rha, ChoKyun
Date Issued
December 2019
Journal
Scientific reports
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Citation
Weinberg, Robert P. et al. "Palm Fruit Bioactives augment expression of Tyrosine Hydroxylase in the Nile Grass Rat basal ganglia and alter the colonic microbiome." Scientific reports 9 (2019): 18625 © 2019 The Author(s)
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA. This is the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of the catecholamines - dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), and epinephrine (EP). Catecholamines (CA) play a key role as neurotransmitters and hormones. Aberrant levels of CA are associated with multiple medical conditions, including Parkinson's disease. Palm Fruit Bioactives (PFB) significantly increased the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase in the brain of the Nile Grass rat (NGR), a novel and potentially significant finding, unique to PFB among known botanical sources. Increases were most pronounced in the basal ganglia, including the caudate-putamen, striatum and substantia nigra. The NGR represents an animal model of diet-induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), exhibiting hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance associated with hyperphagia and accelerated postweaning weight gain induced by a high-carbohydrate diet (hiCHO). The PFB-induced increase of TH in the basal ganglia of the NGR was documented by immuno-histochemical staining (IHC). This increase in TH occurred equally in both diabetes-susceptible and diabetes-resistant NGR fed a hiCHO. PFB also stimulated growth of the colon microbiota evidenced by an increase in cecal weight and altered microbiome. The metabolites of colon microbiota, e.g. short-chain fatty acids, may influence the brain and behavior significantly.
Subjects
Multidisciplinary
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Biomaterials Science and Engineering Laboratory
Terms of Use
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54461-y
