The ribosomal protein Asc1/RACK1 is required for efficient translation of short mRNAs
Name
Thompson-2016-The ribosomal protei.pdf
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Author(s)
Gangaramani, Paritosh
Thompson, Mary Katherine
Gilbert, Wendy
Rojas Duran, Maria Fernanda
Date Issued
April 2016
Journal
eLife
Publisher
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd.
Citation
Thompson, Mary K, Maria F Rojas-Duran, Paritosh Gangaramani, and Wendy V Gilbert. “The Ribosomal Protein Asc1/RACK1 Is Required for Efficient Translation of Short mRNAs.” eLife 5 (April 27, 2016).
Abstract
Translation is a core cellular process carried out by a highly conserved macromolecular machine, the ribosome. There has been remarkable evolutionary adaptation of this machine through the addition of eukaryote-specific ribosomal proteins whose individual effects on ribosome function are largely unknown. Here we show that eukaryote-specific Asc1/RACK1 is required for efficient translation of mRNAs with short open reading frames that show greater than average translational efficiency in diverse eukaryotes. ASC1 mutants in S. cerevisiae display compromised translation of specific functional groups, including cytoplasmic and mitochondrial ribosomal proteins, and display cellular phenotypes consistent with their gene-specific translation defects. Asc1-sensitive mRNAs are preferentially associated with the translational ‘closed loop’ complex comprised of eIF4E, eIF4G, and Pab1, and depletion of eIF4G mimics the translational defects of ASC1 mutants. Together our results reveal a role for Asc1/RACK1 in a length-dependent initiation mechanism optimized for efficient translation of genes with important housekeeping functions.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology
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Creative Commons Attribution
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.11154
