A zinc–iron redox-flow battery under $100 per kW h of system capital cost
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Bazant_A zinc.pdf
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Author(s)
Gong, Ke
Ma, Xiaoya
Kuttler, Kevin J.
Grunewald, Jonathan B.
Yeager, Kelsey L.
Bazant, Martin Z.
Gu, Shuang
Yan, Yushan
Conforti, Kameron Michael
Date Issued
September 2015
Journal
Energy and Environmental Science
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry
Citation
Gong, Ke, Xiaoya Ma, Kameron M. Conforti, Kevin J. Kuttler, Jonathan B. Grunewald, Kelsey L. Yeager, Martin Z. Bazant, Shuang Gu, and Yushan Yan. “A Zinc–iron Redox-Flow Battery Under $100 Per kW h of System Capital Cost.” Energy Environ. Sci. 8, no. 10 (2015): 2941–2945. © 2015 The Royal Society of Chemistry
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are one of the most promising scalable electricity-storage systems to address the intermittency issues of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar. The prerequisite for RFBs to be economically viable and widely employed is their low cost. Here we present a new zinc–iron (Zn–Fe) RFB based on double-membrane triple-electrolyte design that is estimated to have under $100 per kW h system capital cost. Such a low cost is achieved by a combination of inexpensive redox materials (i.e., zinc and iron) and high cell performance (e.g., 676 mW cm[superscript −2] power density). Engineering of the cell structure is found to be critical to enable the high power density. Our cost model shows that a Zn–Fe RFB demonstrates the lowest cost among some notable RFBs and could reach the 2023 cost target set by the U.S. Department of Energy ($150 per kW h).
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mathematics
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Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported licence
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ee02315g
