Allosteric activation of apicomplexan calcium-dependent protein kinases
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Ingram-2015-Allosteric activatio.pdf
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Author(s)
Ingram, Jessica R.
Markus, Benedikt M.
Mandelbaum, Joseph
Ramek, Alexander
Shan, Yibing
Shaw, David E.
Lourido, Sebastian
Schwartz, Thomas
Ploegh, Hidde
Knockenhauer, Kevin Edward
Date Issued
September 2015
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Publisher
National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)
Citation
Ingram, Jessica R., Kevin E. Knockenhauer, Benedikt M. Markus, Joseph Mandelbaum, Alexander Ramek, Yibing Shan, David E. Shaw, Thomas U. Schwartz, Hidde L. Ploegh, and Sebastian Lourido. “Allosteric Activation of Apicomplexan Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases.” Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 112, no. 36 (August 24, 2015): E4975–E4984.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) comprise the major group of Ca[superscript 2+]-regulated kinases in plants and protists. It has long been assumed that CDPKs are activated, like other Ca[superscript 2+]-regulated kinases, by derepression of the kinase domain (KD). However, we found that removal of the autoinhibitory domain from Toxoplasma gondii CDPK1 is not sufficient for kinase activation. From a library of heavy chain-only antibody fragments (VHHs), we isolated an antibody (1B7) that binds TgCDPK1 in a conformation-dependent manner and potently inhibits it. We uncovered the molecular basis for this inhibition by solving the crystal structure of the complex and simulating, through molecular dynamics, the effects of 1B7–kinase interactions. In contrast to other Ca[superscript 2+]-regulated kinases, the regulatory domain of TgCDPK1 plays a dual role, inhibiting or activating the kinase in response to changes in Ca[superscript 2+] concentrations. We propose that the regulatory domain of TgCDPK1 acts as a molecular splint to stabilize the otherwise inactive KD. This dependence on allosteric stabilization reveals a novel susceptibility in this important class of parasite enzymes.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505914112
