mTORC1 Senses Lysosomal Amino Acids Through an Inside-Out Mechanism That Requires the Vacuolar H+-ATPase
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Sabatini_mTORC1 senses.pdf
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Author(s)
Zoncu, Roberto
Bar-Peled, Liron
Efeyan, Alejo
Sancak, Yasemin
Sabatini, David M.
Wang, Shuyu, Ph. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Date Issued
November 2011
Journal
Science
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Citation
Zoncu, R., L. Bar-Peled, A. Efeyan, S. Wang, Y. Sancak, and D. M. Sabatini. “mTORC1 Senses Lysosomal Amino Acids Through an Inside-Out Mechanism That Requires the Vacuolar H+-ATPase.” Science 334, no. 6056 (November 3, 2011): 678–683.
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Author's final manuscript
Abstract
The mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) protein kinase is a master growth regulator that is stimulated by amino acids. Amino acids activate the Rag guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), which promote the translocation of mTORC1 to the lysosomal surface, the site of mTORC1 activation. We found that the vacuolar H+–adenosine triphosphatase ATPase (v-ATPase) is necessary for amino acids to activate mTORC1. The v-ATPase engages in extensive amino acid–sensitive interactions with the Ragulator, a scaffolding complex that anchors the Rag GTPases to the lysosome. In a cell-free system, ATP hydrolysis by the v-ATPase was necessary for amino acids to regulate the v-ATPase-Ragulator interaction and promote mTORC1 translocation. Results obtained in vitro and in human cells suggest that amino acid signaling begins within the lysosomal lumen. These results identify the v-ATPase as a component of the mTOR pathway and delineate a lysosome-associated machinery for amino acid sensing.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research
Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1207056
