Integration of gray matter nodules into functional cortical circuits in periventricular heterotopia
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Author(s)
Barnard, Mollie E.
Katzir, Tami
Chang, Bernard S.
Christodoulou, Joanna
Del Tufo, Stephanie Nicole
Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan
Gabrieli, John D. E.
Date Issued
October 2013
Journal
Epilepsy & Behavior
Publisher
Elsevier
Citation
Christodoulou, Joanna A. et al. “Integration of Gray Matter Nodules into Functional Cortical Circuits in Periventricular Heterotopia.” Epilepsy & Behavior 29, 2 (November 2013): 400–406 © 2013 Elsevier Inc
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
Alterations in neuronal circuitry are recognized as an important substrate of many neurological disorders, including epilepsy. Patients with the developmental brain malformation of periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH) often have both seizures and dyslexia, and there is evidence to suggest that aberrant neuronal connectivity underlies both of these clinical features. We used task-based functional MRI (fMRI) to determine whether heterotopic nodules of gray matter in this condition are integrated into functional cortical circuits. Blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI was acquired in eight participants with PNH during the performance of reading-related tasks. Evidence of neural activation within heterotopic gray matter was identified, and regions of cortical coactivation were then mapped systematically. Findings were correlated with resting-state functional connectivity results and with performance on the fMRI reading-related tasks. Six participants (75%) demonstrated activation within at least one region of gray matter heterotopia. Cortical areas directly overlying the heterotopia were usually coactivated (60%), as were areas known to have functional connectivity to the heterotopia in the task-free resting state (73%). Six of seven (86%) primary task contrasts resulted in heterotopia activation in at least one participant. Activation was most commonly seen during rapid naming of visual stimuli, a characteristic impairment in this patient population. Our findings represent a systematic demonstration that heterotopic gray matter can be metabolically coactivated in a neuronal migration disorder associated with epilepsy and dyslexia. Gray matter nodules were most commonly coactivated with the anatomically overlying cortex and other regions with resting-state connectivity to heterotopia. These results have broader implications for understanding the network pathogenesis of both seizures and reading disabilities.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
McGovern Institute for Brain Research at MIT
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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.08.028
