Unanticipated Side Effects of Stratospheric Albedo Modification Proposals Due to Aerosol Composition and Phase
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s41598-019-53595-3.pdf
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Published version
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2.76 MB
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Author(s)
Cziczo, Daniel J.
Wolf, Martin J.
Gasparini, Blaž
Münch, Steffen
Lohmann, Ulrike
Date Issued
December 2019
Journal
Scientific Reports
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Citation
Cziczo, D.J., et al., "Unanticipated Side Effects of Stratospheric Albedo Modification Proposals Due to Aerosol Composition and Phase." Scientific Reports 9 (December 2019): no.18825 doi. 10.1038/S41598-019-53595-3 ©2019 Authors
Version
Final published version
Abstract
The Earth has now warmed ~1.0 °C since the period 1850–1900, due in large part to the anthropogenic addition of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Most strategies to address this warming have called for a reduction of emissions and, often, accompanying removal of greenhouse gases. Other proposals suggest masking the increased radiative forcing by an increase in particles and/or clouds to increase scattering of incoming solar radiation. Two related recent proposals have suggested addition of calcite particles to the stratosphere, which one model suggests may enhance ozone. Here we show that the interaction of calcite with acidic materials in the stratosphere results in a more complex aerosol than has been previously considered, including aqueous and hydrate phases that can lead to ozone loss. Our study suggests particle addition to the stratosphere could also perturb global radiative balance by affecting high altitude cloud formation and properties. Experimental and modeling results suggest particles will act as the nucleation sites for polar stratospheric cloud ice and, after sedimentation into the troposphere, impact cirrus clouds in the absence of other efficient ice nucleating particles. These results show that an overly simplistic set of assumptions regarding intentional particle emissions to the atmosphere can lead to incorrect estimates of the radiative effect and fail to identify unintended consequences. ©2019, The Author(s).
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1038/S41598-019-53595-3
