Environmental Determinants of Malaria Transmission Around the Koka Reservoir in Ethiopia
Name
Endo_et_al-2018-GeoHealth.pdf
Size
6.43 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
6732dbc97295415270bdc3e4f78677b5
Author(s)
Endo, Noriko
Eltahir, Elfatih A. B.
Date Issued
March 2018
Journal
GeoHealth
Publisher
Wiley
Citation
Endo, Noriko and Elfatih A. B. Eltahir. “Environmental Determinants of Malaria Transmission Around the Koka Reservoir in Ethiopia.” GeoHealth 2, 3 (March 2018): 104–115
Version
Final published version
Abstract
New dam construction is known to exacerbate malaria transmission in Africa as the vectors of malaria—Anopheles mosquitoes—use bodies of water as breeding sites. Precise environmental mechanisms of how reservoirs exacerbate malaria transmission are yet to be identified. Understanding of these mechanisms should lead to a better assessment of the impacts of dam construction and to new prevention strategies. Combining extensive multiyear field surveys around the Koka Reservoir in
Ethiopia and rigorous model development and simulation studies, environmental mechanisms of malaria transmission around the reservoir were examined. Most comprehensive and detailed malaria transmission model, Hydrology, Entomology, and Malaria Transmission Simulator, was applied to a village adjacent to the reservoir. Significant contributions to the dynamics of malaria transmission are shaped by wind profile, marginal pools, temperature, and shoreline locations. Wind speed and wind direction influence Anopheles populations and malaria transmission during the major and secondary mosquito seasons. During the secondary mosquito season, a noticeable influence was also attributed to marginal pools. Temperature was found to play an important role, not so much in Anopheles population dynamics, but in malaria transmission dynamics. Change in shoreline locations drives malaria transmission dynamics, with closer shoreline locations to the village making malaria transmission more likely. Identified environmental mechanisms help in predicting malaria transmission seasons and in developing village relocation strategies upon dam construction to minimize the risk of malaria.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Parsons Laboratory for Environmental Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Terms of Use
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License
Persistent DSpace Link
DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GH000108
