Wind and sunlight shape microbial diversity in surface waters of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
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DeLong_Wind and sunlight.pdf
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Author(s)
Bryant, Jessica A.
Aylward, Frank O.
Eppley, John M.
Karl, David M.
Church, Matthew J.
DeLong, Edward Francis
Date Issued
December 2015
Journal
The ISME Journal
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
Citation
Bryant, Jessica A, Frank O Aylward, John M Eppley, David M Karl, Matthew J Church, and Edward F DeLong. “Wind and Sunlight Shape Microbial Diversity in Surface Waters of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre.” ISME J (December 8, 2015). © 2015 International Society for Microbial Ecology
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Few microbial time-series studies have been conducted in open ocean habitats having low seasonal variability such as the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG), where surface waters experience comparatively mild seasonal variation. To better describe microbial seasonal variability in this habitat, we analyzed rRNA amplicon and shotgun metagenomic data over two years at the Hawaii Ocean Time-series Station ALOHA. We postulated that this relatively stable habitat might reveal different environmental factors that influence planktonic microbial community diversity than those previously observed in more seasonally dynamic habitats. Unexpectedly, the data showed that microbial diversity at 25 m was positively correlated with average wind speed 3 to 10 days prior to sampling. In addition, microbial community composition at 25 m exhibited significant correlations with solar irradiance. Many bacterial groups whose relative abundances varied with solar radiation corresponded to taxa known to exhibit strong seasonality in other oceanic regions. Network co-correlation analysis of 25 m communities showed seasonal transitions in composition, and distinct successional cohorts of co-occurring phylogenetic groups. Similar network analyses of metagenomic data also indicated distinct seasonality in genes originating from cyanophage, and several bacterial clades including SAR116 and SAR324. At 500 m, microbial community diversity and composition did not vary significantly with any measured environmental parameters. The minimal seasonal variability in the NPSG facilitated detection of more subtle environmental influences, such as episodic wind variation, on surface water microbial diversity. Community composition in NPSG surface waters varied in response to solar irradiance, but less dramatically than reported in other ocean provinces.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
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Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.221
