7.342 Powerhouse Rules: The Role of Mitochondria in Human Diseases, Spring 2011
Author(s)
Ferullo, Daniel
Alternative Title
Powerhouse Rules: The Role of Mitochondria in Human Diseases
Date Issued
June 2011
Abstract
The primary role of mitochondria is to produce 90% of a cell's energy in the form of ATP through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. A variety of clinical disorders have been shown to include "mitochondrial dysfunction," which loosely refers to defective oxidative phosphorylation and usually coincides with the occurrence of excess Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production, placing cells under oxidative stress. A known cause and effect of oxidative stress is damage to and mutation of mitochondrial DNA. We will use this class to explore issues relating to mitochondrial DNA integrity and how it can be damaged, repaired, mutated, and compromised in human diseases. This course is one of many Advanced Undergraduate Seminars offered by the Biology Department at MIT. These seminars are tailored for students with an interest in using primary research literature to discuss and learn about current biological research in a highly interactive setting. Many instructors of the Advanced Undergraduate Seminars are postdoctoral scientists with a strong interest in teaching.
Subjects
mitochondria
human disease
ATP
oxidative phosphorylation
mitochondrial genome
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
mitochondrial dysfunction
oxidative stress, 8-oxoguanine
8-oxoG
mtDNA
Ogg1
Oxoguanine glycosylase
mitochondrial DNA polymerase
Alzheimer’s disease
Parkinson’s disease
Y955C
Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology
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