The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI–1246
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Turtelboom_2022_AJ_163_293.pdf
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Published version
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Author(s)
Seager, Sara
Date Issued
2022
Journal
Astronomical Journal
Publisher
American Astronomical Society
Citation
Seager, Sara. 2022. "The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI–1246." Astronomical Journal, 163 (6).
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Multiplanet systems are valuable arenas for investigating exoplanet architectures and comparing planetary siblings.
TOI-1246 is one such system, with a moderately bright K dwarf (V = 11.6, K = 9.9) and four transiting subNeptunes identified by TESS with orbital periods of 4.31, 5.90, 18.66, and 37.92 days. We collected 130 radial
velocity observations with Keck/HIRES and TNG/HARPS-N to measure planet masses. We refit the 14 sectors of
TESS photometry to refine planet radii (2.97 ± 0.06 R⊕, 2.47 ± 0.08 R⊕, 3.46 ± 0.09 R⊕, and 3.72 ± 0.16 R⊕) and
confirm the four planets. We find that TOI-1246 e is substantially more massive than the three inner planets
(8.1 ± 1.1 M⊕, 8.8 ± 1.2 M⊕, 5.3 ± 1.7 M⊕, and 14.8 ± 2.3 M⊕). The two outer planets, TOI-1246 d and TOI-1246
e, lie near to the 2:1 resonance (Pe/Pd = 2.03) and exhibit transit-timing variations. TOI-1246 is one of the
brightest four-planet systems, making it amenable for continued observations. It is one of only five systems with
measured masses and radii for all four transiting planets. The planet densities range from 0.70 ± 0.24 to
3.21 ± 0.44 g cm−3
, implying a range of bulk and atmospheric compositions. We also report a fifth planet
candidate found in the RV data with a minimum mass of 25.6 ± 3.6 M⊕. This planet candidate is exterior to TOI1246 e, with a candidate period of 93.8 days, and we discuss the implications if it is confirmed to be planetary in
nature.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/AC69E5
