Dynamic Complex Emulsions as Amplifiers for On-Chip Photonic Cavity-Enhanced Resonators
Name
nihms-1593266.pdf
Description
Accepted version
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1.3 MB
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Checksum (MD5)
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Author(s)
Savagatrup, Suchol
Ma, Danhao
Zhong, Huikai
Harvey, Kent S.
Kimerling, Lionel C
Agarwal, Anuradha
Swager, Timothy M
Date Issued
2020
Journal
ACS Sensors
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. Despite the recent emergence of microcavity resonators as label-free biological and chemical sensors, practical applications still require simple and robust methods to impart chemical selectivity and reduce the cost of fabrication. We introduce the use of hydrocarbon-in-fluorocarbon-in-water (HC/FC/W) double emulsions as a liquid top cladding that expands the versatility of optical resonators as chemical sensors. The all-liquid complex emulsions are tunable droplets that undergo dynamic and reversible morphological transformations in response to a change in the chemical environment (e.g., exposure to targeted analytes). This chemical-morphological coupling drastically modifies the effective refractive index, allowing the complex emulsions to act as a chemical transducer and signal amplifier. We detect this large change in the refractive index by tracking the shift of the enveloped resonant spectrum of a silicon nitride (Si3N4) racetrack resonator-based sensor, which correlates well with a change in the morphology of the complex droplets. This combination of soft materials (dynamic complex emulsions) and hard materials (on-chip resonators) provides a unique platform for liquid-phase, real-time, and continuous detection of chemicals and biomolecules for miniaturized and remote, environmental, medical, and wearable sensing applications.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemistry
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering
MIT Materials Research Laboratory
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1021/ACSSENSORS.0C00399
