Neural Substrates of the Development of Cognitive Control in Children Ages 5–10 Years
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Author(s)
Sheridan, Margaret
Kharitonova, Maria
Martin, Rebecca E.
Chatterjee, Aparna
Gabrieli, John D. E.
Date Issued
August 2014
Journal
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Publisher
MIT Press
Citation
Sheridan, Margaret, Maria Kharitonova, Rebecca E. Martin, Aparna Chatterjee, and John D. E. Gabrieli. “Neural Substrates of the Development of Cognitive Control in Children Ages 5–10 Years.” Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 26, no. 8 (August 2014): 1840–1850. © 2014 The MIT Press.
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Final published version
Abstract
Cognitive conflict detection and resolution develops with age across childhood and likely supports age-related increases in other aspects of cognitive and emotional development. Little is known about the neural correlates of conflict detection and resolution in early childhood. In the current study, we investigated age-related change in neural recruitment during a blocked spatial-incompatibility task (Simon task) in children ages 5–10 years using fMRI. Cortical thickness was measured using structural MRI. Across all children, there was greater activation in right prefrontal and bilateral parietal cortices for incompatible than compatible conditions. In older children, compared with younger children, there was decreased activation and decreased gray matter thickness in the medial PFC. Thickness and activation changes across age were associated within participants, such that thinner cortex was associated with less activation in the rostral ACC. These findings suggest that developmental change in medial PFC activation supports performance on cognitive control tasks in early childhood.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
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Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00597
