Describing the firmness, springiness and rubberiness of food gels using fractional calculus. Part I: Theoretical framework
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McKinley_Describing the firmness.pdf
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1.31 MB
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Checksum (MD5)
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Author(s)
Faber, T.J.
Jaishankar, A.
McKinley, Gareth H
Date Issued
June 2016
Journal
Food Hydrocolloids
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Citation
Faber, T.J. et al. “Describing the Firmness, Springiness and Rubberiness of Food Gels Using Fractional Calculus. Part I: Theoretical Framework.” Food Hydrocolloids 62 (January 2017): 311–324 © 2016 Elsevier Ltd
Version
Original manuscript
Abstract
Constitutive models for soft solids that quantitatively relate the state of the stress in the material to the deformation history have the potential to be used in a structure-texture engineering context, but successful examples are scarce. In the present work we define equations for the firmness F, springiness S, and rubberiness R, of semi-soft food gels such as cheeses that exhibit broad power-law stress relaxation over a wide range of timescales. The equations contain only two material properties, which have their origin in the food microstructure: a fractional exponent, which quantifies the frequency and temporal response and secondly a scale factor or “quasi-property”, which sets the magnitude of the stress in the material. Together they form a constitutive element, known as the ‘springpot’ or Scott Blair element which can accurately capture the viscoelastic properties of food gels such as semi-hard cheeses. Using this model it becomes possible to provide clear and unambiguous definitions of textural parameters such as firmness, springiness and rubberiness, and to quantify their time-dependence and interrelationship. The magnitude of the firmness and springiness are inversely related through the fractional constitutive model. Our FSR-equations can be used in a texture engineering context to guide effective product reformulation of soft-solid, hydrocolloidal gels. Keywords
Rational reformulation
Food gels
Structure-texture engineering
Constitutive model
Fractional calculus
Scott Blair
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Terms of Use
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License
Persistent DSpace Link
DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FOODHYD.2016.05.041
