A Methodology for Integrated Conceptual Design of Aircraft Configuration and Operation to Reduce Environmental Impact
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Waitz_AMethodology.pdf
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Author(s)
Waitz, Ian A.
March, Andrew I.
Willcox, Karen E.
Date Issued
September 2009
Journal
9th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference (ATIO)
Publisher
American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Citation
March, Andrew, Ian Waitz and Karen Willcox. "A Methodology for Integrated Conceptual Design of Aircraft Configuration and Operation to Reduce Environmental Impact." 9th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference (ATIO) Air 21-23 September 2009, Hilton Head, South Carolina ©2009 by Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
Significant reductions in environmental impact and operating costs are achievable when
both aircraft configuration and operation are considered simultaneously at the early stages
of aircraft design. The challenges with combining these disciplines are that the design space
becomes larger, and each design evaluation requires coupled analyses. This paper presents
a methodology in which a low-speed aerodynamic model and a trajectory simulation are
integrated to study trades between aircraft performance, environmental impact, and cost.
Four studies are conducted using this method to illustrate ways to reduce the environmental
impacts of future airplanes in a future air-traffic system. First, a study of the departure
procedure for the Boeing 747-200 shows that significant benefits are possible by modifying
the current procedures without changing the aircraft. For instance, from the start of takeoff
roll to 10,000 feet the following are mutually achievable: a 37% reduction in climb time, a
26% reduction in fuel consumption, a 26% reduction in 55 EPNdB noise exposure area, and
a 2.6% reduction in operating costs. A second example analyzes trades between noise and
operating cost and considers current noise taxation schemes. Then, the sensitivity of the
takeoff and approach noise certification procedures are presented to show it is possible to
simultaneously evaluate both configuration and operational changes. The results of these
studies are that takeoff noise is insensitive to small configuration changes, but procedural
modifications can have a significant impact. For approach, the noise can be significantly
reduced through either configuration or procedural changes.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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