IRE1α Induces Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein to Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Promote Programmed Cell Death under Irremediable ER Stress
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Author(s)
Lerner, Alana G.
Upton, John-Paul
Praveen, P.V.K.
Ghosh, Rajarshi
Nakagawa, Yoshimi
Igbaria, Aeid
Shen, Sarah
Nguyen, Vinh
Backes, Bradley J.
Heintz, Nathaniel
Date Issued
August 2012
Journal
Cell Metabolism
Publisher
Elsevier
Citation
Lerner, Alana G. et al. “IRE1α Induces Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein to Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Promote Programmed Cell Death Under Irremediable ER Stress.” Cell Metabolism 16, 2 (August 2012): 250–264 © 2012 Elsevier Inc
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Author's final manuscript
Abstract
When unfolded proteins accumulate to irremediably high levels within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), intracellular signaling pathways called the unfolded protein response (UPR) become hyperactivated to cause programmed cell death. We discovered that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a critical node in this "terminal UPR." TXNIP becomes rapidly induced by IRE1α, an ER bifunctional kinase/endoribonuclease (RNase). Hyperactivated IRE1α increases TXNIP mRNA stability by reducing levels of a TXNIP destabilizing microRNA, miR-17. In turn, elevated TXNIP protein activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, causing procaspase-1 cleavage and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) secretion. Txnip gene deletion reduces pancreatic β cell death during ER stress and suppresses diabetes caused by proinsulin misfolding in the Akita mouse. Finally, small molecule IRE1α RNase inhibitors suppress TXNIP production to block IL-1β secretion. In summary, the IRE1α-TXNIP pathway is used in the terminal UPR to promote sterile inflammation and programmed cell death and may be targeted to develop effective treatm ents for cell degenerative diseases.
MIT Department
Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
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Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2012.07.007
