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A 32-Unit 240-GHz Heterodyne Receiver Array in 65-nm CMOS With Array-Wide Phase Locking
Name
2019_5_JSSC_Zhi_Heterodyne_Array_online.pdf
Description
Accepted version
Size
4.73 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
12b1117844ae00f7d4e0f9eeef1c925a
Author(s)
Hu, Zhi
Wang, Cheng
Han, Ruonan
Date Issued
2019
Journal
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
© 1966-2012 IEEE. This paper reports a 32-unit phase-locked dense heterodyne receiver array at fmathrm RF=240 GHz. To synthesize a large receiving aperture without large sidelobe response, this chip has the following two features. The first feature is the small size of the heterodyne receiver unit, which is only λfRF/4× λfRF/2. It allows for the integration of two interleaved 4× 4 arrays within a 1.2 mm2 die area for concurrent steering of two independent beams. Such unit compactness is enabled by the multi-functionality of the receiver structure, which simultaneously accomplishes local oscillator (LO) generation, inter-unit LO synchronization, input wave coupling, and frequency downconversion. The second feature is the high scalability of the array, which is based on a strongly coupled 2-D LO network. Large array size is realizable simply by tiling more receiver units. With the upscaling of the array, our de-centralized design, contrary to its prior centralized counterparts, offers invariant conversion loss and lower LO phase noise. Meanwhile, the entire LO network is also locked to a 75-MHz reference, facilitating phase-coherent pairing with external sub-terahertz transmitters. A chip prototype using a bulk 65-nm CMOS technology is implemented, with a dc power of 980 mW. Phase locking of the 240-GHz LO is achieved among all 32 units, with a measured phase noise of -84 dBc/Hz (1-MHz offset). The measured sensitivity (BW = 1 kHz) of a single unit is 58 fW. Compared to previous square-law detector arrays of comparable scale and density, this chip provides phase-sensitive detection with 4300× sensitivity improvement.
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Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike
Persistent DSpace Link
DOI of Published Version
10.1109/JSSC.2019.2893231
