Effect of nonideal solution behavior on desalination of a sodium chloride (NaCl) solution and comparison to seawater
Name
IMECE2012-88261_2012-07-12_FinalSubmission.pdf
Description
Final submission to conference
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573 KB
Format
Adobe PDF
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a04a713aa0b750c63d8cce77a7e37265
Author(s)
Mistry, Karan Hemant
Lienhard, John H.
Date Issued
November 2012
Journal
Proceedings of ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2012, November 9–15, 2012, Houston, Texas, USA
Publisher
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Citation
Mistry, Karan H., and John H. Lienhard V. "Effect of nonideal solution behavior on desalination of a sodium chloride (NaCl) solution and comparison to seawater." forthcoming in Proceedings of ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2012, November 9–15, 2012, Houston, Texas, USA.
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
Proper evaluation of the Gibbs free energy and other properties
of seawater and other aqueous solutions is essential in
the analysis of desalination systems. Standard seawater has
been studied extensively and property data are readily accessible.
However, many aqueous solutions requiring desalination have
significantly different composition from seawater and seawater
data is generally not accurate for these solutions. Experimental
data for a given aqueous solution may be unavailable under the
conditions of interest. Therefore, there is a need to model relevant
physical properties from chemical thermodynamic principles. In
particular, for solutions that are not ideal, the activity and fugacity
coefficients must be considered. In this paper, the effect of
nonidealities in sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions is considered
through a parametric study of the least work of separation for a
desalination system. This study is used to determine the conditions
under which the ideal solution approximation is valid and
also to determine when an NaCl solution is a good approximation
to standard seawater. It is found that the ideal solution approximation
is reasonable within ranges of salinities and recovery
ratios typical of those found in the seawater desalination industry
because many of the nonidealities cancel out, but not because
the solution behaves ideally. Additionally, it is found that NaCl
solutions closely approximate natural seawater only at salinities
typically found in seawater and not for salinities found in typical
brackish waters.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
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