Intrusion rheology in grains and other flowable materials
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Author(s)
Askari, Hesamaldin
Kamrin, Kenneth N
Date Issued
August 2016
Journal
Nature Materials
Publisher
Springer Nature
Citation
Askari, Hesam, and Kamrin, Ken. “Intrusion Rheology in Grains and Other Flowable Materials.” Nature Materials 15, 12 (August 2016): 1274–1279 © 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
The interaction of intruding objects with deformable materials arises in many contexts, including locomotion in fluids and loose media, impact and penetration problems, and geospace applications. Despite the complex constitutive behaviour of granular media, forces on arbitrarily shaped granular intruders are observed to obey surprisingly simple, yet empirical 'resistive force hypotheses'. The physics of this macroscale reduction, and how it might play out in other media, has however remained elusive. Here, we show that all resistive force hypotheses in grains arise from local frictional yielding, revealing a novel invariance within a class of plasticity models. This mechanical foundation, supported by numerical and experimental validations, leads to a general analytical criterion to determine which rheologies can obey resistive force hypotheses. We use it to explain why viscous fluids are observed to perform worse than grains, and to predict a new family of resistive-force-obeying materials: cohesive media such as pastes, gels and muds.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use.
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1038/NMAT4727
