COVID-19 Spread in Saudi Arabia: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis
Name
ijerph-17-07744.pdf
Size
4.5 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
70f8a53a94b463fe53c020fba14c7c39
Author(s)
Alrasheed, Hend
Althnian, Alhanoof
Kurdi, Heba A.
Al-Mgren, Heila
Alharbi, Sulaiman
Date Issued
October 2020
Journal
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher
MDPI AG
Citation
Alrasheed, Hend et al. "COVID-19 Spread in Saudi Arabia: Modeling, Simulation and Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, 21 (October 2020): 7744. © 2020 The Authors
Version
Final published version
Abstract
The novel coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-Coronavirus-2 (CoV-2) has resulted in an ongoing pandemic and has affected over 200 countries around the world. Mathematical epidemic models can be used to predict the course of an epidemic and develop methods for controlling it. As social contact is a key factor in disease spreading, modeling epidemics on contact networks has been increasingly used. In this work, we propose a simulation model for the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Saudi Arabia using a network-based epidemic model. We generated a contact network that captures realistic social behaviors and dynamics of individuals in Saudi Arabia. The proposed model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the control measures employed by the Saudi government, to predict the future dynamics of the disease in Saudi Arabia according to different scenarios, and to investigate multiple vaccination strategies. Our results suggest that Saudi Arabia would have faced a nationwide peak of the outbreak on 21 April 2020 with a total of approximately 26 million infections had it not imposed strict control measures. The results also indicate that social distancing plays a crucial role in determining the future local dynamics of the epidemic. Our results also show that the closure of schools and mosques had the maximum impact on delaying the epidemic peak and slowing down the infection rate. If a vaccine does not become available and no social distancing is practiced from 10 June 2020, our predictions suggest that the epidemic will end in Saudi Arabia at the beginning of November with over 13 million infected individuals, and it may take only 15 days to end the epidemic after 70% of the population receive a vaccine.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Terms of Use
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license
Persistent DSpace Link
DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217744
