Secure computation on untrusted platforms
Name
1052123725-MIT.pdf
Description
Full printable version
Size
11.4 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
d39e46fc561b0283a573eeceb1dc6778
Author(s)
Holmgren, Justin Lee
Advisor(s)
Shafi Goldwasser.
Date Issued
2018
Publisher
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Abstract
In this thesis, we present two lines of research developing tools that, in addition to being of independent theoretical interest, yield improved protocols for secure out-sourcing of computation: Succinct Garbling Schemes. A garbling scheme is a way to encode a program P and input x as P̃̃ and x̃ such that P̃ can be evaluated on i to obtain P(x), but (P̃, x̃) reveals nothing more than P(x). We devise an efficient garbling scheme, based on the recent notion of indistinguishability obfuscation, in which the RAM running time and space usage of P on x are each the same as for P̃ on ,x̃. No-Signaling Multi-Prover Interactive Proofs. A multi-prover interactive proof (MIP) is a protocol by a which a "verifier" can ascertain the truth of a mathematical statement by interacting with two or more "provers" that cannot communicate with each other. We devise an MIP that achieves better efficiency and stronger soundness guarantees than previous constructions. In terms of efficiency, our MIP allows proving many statements with roughly the same (small) communication complexity as is required to prove a single statement. The soundness guarantee is that the verifier cannot be fooled even by malicious provers that can, in a very limited sense, collude in their messages to the verifier. The latter guarantee crucially enables an application to delegation of computation. Specifically, we obtain a protocol by which a weak device can outsource expensive computations to a powerful but untrusted server, while being assured that the computation is performed correctly.
Description
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 171-176).
Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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