Basic Features of a Cell Electroporation Model: Illustrative Behavior for Two Very Different Pulses
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Son-2014-Basic features.pdf
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Author(s)
Son, Reuben S.
Smith, Kyle C.
Gowrishankar, Thiruvallur R.
Vernier, P. Thomas
Weaver, James C.
Date Issued
July 2014
Journal
Journal of Membrane Biology
Publisher
Springer Science+Business Media
Citation
Son, Reuben S., Kyle C. Smith, Thiruvallur R. Gowrishankar, P. Thomas Vernier, and James C. Weaver. “Basic Features of a Cell Electroporation Model: Illustrative Behavior for Two Very Different Pulses.” J Membrane Biol 247, no. 12 (July 22, 2014): 1209–1228.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
Science increasingly involves complex modeling. Here we describe a model for cell electroporation in which membrane properties are dynamically modified by poration. Spatial scales range from cell membrane thickness (5 nm) to a typical mammalian cell radius (10 μ m), and can be used with idealized and experimental pulse waveforms. The model consists of traditional passive components and additional active components representing nonequilibrium processes. Model responses include measurable quantities: transmembrane voltage, membrane electrical conductance, and solute transport rates and amounts for the representative “long” and “short” pulses. The long pulse—1.5 kV/cm, 100 μ s—evolves two pore subpopulations with a valley at ∼ 5 nm, which separates the subpopulations that have peaks at ∼ 1.5 and ∼ 12 nm radius. Such pulses are widely used in biological research, biotechnology, and medicine, including cancer therapy by drug delivery and nonthermal physical tumor ablation by causing necrosis. The short pulse—40 kV/cm, 10 ns—creates 80-fold more pores, all small ( < 3 nm; ∼ 1 nm peak). These nanosecond pulses ablate tumors by apoptosis. We demonstrate the model’s responses by illustrative electrical and poration behavior, and transport of calcein and propidium. We then identify extensions for expanding modeling capability. Structure-function results from MD can allow extrapolations that bring response specificity to cell membranes based on their lipid composition. After a pulse, changes in pore energy landscape can be included over seconds to minutes, by mechanisms such as cell swelling and pulse-induced chemical reactions that slowly alter pore behavior.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Medical Engineering & Science
Harvard University--MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00232-014-9699-z
