Modeling and responding to pandemic influenza : importance of population distributional attributes and non-pharmaceutical interventions
Name
549268015-MIT.pdf
Description
Full printable version
Size
26.08 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum (MD5)
1a998954b0b60fa156104cad89e0df55
Author(s)
Nigmatulina, Karima Robert
Advisor(s)
Richard C. Larson.
Date Issued
2009
Publisher
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Abstract
After reviewing prevalent approaches to the modeling pandemic influenza transmission, we present a simple distributional model that captures the most significant population attributes that alter the dynamics of the outbreak. We describe how diversities in activity, susceptibility and infectivity can drive or dampen the spread of infection. We expand the model to show infection spread between several linked heterogeneous communities; this multi-community model is based on analytical calculations and Monte Carlo simulations. Focusing on mitigation strategies for a global pandemic influenza, we use our mathematical models to evaluate the implementation and timing of non-pharmaceutical intervention strategies such as travel restrictions, social distancing and improved hygiene. In addition, as we witnessed with the SARS outbreak in 2003, human behavior is likely to change during the course of a pandemic. We propose several different novel approaches to incorporating reactive social distancing and hygiene improvement and its impact on the epidemic curve. Our results indicate that while a flu pandemic could be devastating; there are non-pharmaceutical coping methods that when implemented quickly and correctly can significantly mitigate the severity of a global outbreak. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of the modeling work in the context of university planning for a pandemic.
Description
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Operations Research Center, 2009.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
Subjects
Operations Research Center.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Operations Research Center
Sloan School of Management
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