Heparan Sulfate Regrowth Profiles Under Laminar Shear Flow Following Enzymatic Degradation
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Giantsos-Adams_2013-Heparan sulfate regrowth.pdf
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Author(s)
Giantsos-Adams, Kristina M.
Koo, Andrew Jia-An
Song, Sukhyun
Sakai, Jiro
Sankaran, Jagadish
Shin, Jennifer H.
Garcia-Cardena, Guillermo
Dewey, C. Forbes
Date Issued
February 2013
Journal
Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Citation
Giantsos-Adams, Kristina M., Andrew Jia-An Koo, Sukhyun Song, Jiro Sakai, Jagadish Sankaran, Jennifer H. Shin, Guillermo Garcia-Cardena, and C. Forbes Dewey. “Heparan Sulfate Regrowth Profiles Under Laminar Shear Flow Following Enzymatic Degradation.” Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering 6, no. 2 (June 20, 2013): 160-174.
Version
Final published version
Abstract
The local hemodynamic shear stress waveforms present in an artery dictate the endothelial cell phenotype. The observed decrease of the apical glycocalyx layer on the endothelium in atheroprone regions of the circulation suggests that the glycocalyx may have a central role in determining atherosclerotic plaque formation. However, the kinetics for the cells’ ability to adapt its glycocalyx to the environment have not been quantitatively resolved. Here we report that the heparan sulfate component of the glycocalyx of HUVECs increases by 1.4-fold following the onset of high shear stress, compared to static cultured cells, with a time constant of 19 h. Cell morphology experiments show that 12 h are required for the cells to elongate, but only after 36 h have the cells reached maximal alignment to the flow vector. Our findings demonstrate that following enzymatic degradation, heparan sulfate is restored to the cell surface within 12 h under flow whereas the time required is 20 h under static conditions. We also propose a model describing the contribution of endocytosis and exocytosis to apical heparan sulfate expression. The change in HS regrowth kinetics from static to high-shear EC phenotype implies a differential in the rate of endocytic and exocytic membrane turnover.
MIT Department
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12195-013-0273-z
