Structural basis for the role of inhibition in facilitating adult brain plasticity
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Author(s)
Kubota, Yoshiyuki
Lin, Walter C
Cha, Jae Won
So, Peter T. C.
Nedivi, Elly
Chen, Jerry L.
Date Issued
April 2011
Journal
Nature Neuroscience
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
Citation
Chen, Jerry L et al. “Structural Basis for the Role of Inhibition in Facilitating Adult Brain Plasticity.” Nature Neuroscience 14, 5 (April 2011): 587–594 © 2011 Nature America, Inc
Version
Author's final manuscript
Abstract
Although inhibition has been implicated in mediating plasticity in the adult brain, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here we present a structural mechanism for the role of inhibition in experience-dependent plasticity. Using chronic in vivo two-photon microscopy in the mouse neocortex, we show that experience drives structural remodeling of superficial layer 2/3 interneurons in an input- and circuit-specific manner, with up to 16% of branch tips undergoing remodeling. Visual deprivation initially induces dendritic branch retractions, and this is accompanied by a loss of inhibitory inputs onto neighboring pyramidal cells. The resulting decrease in inhibitory tone, also achievable pharmacologically using the antidepressant fluoxetine, provides a permissive environment for further structural adaptation, including addition of new synapse-bearing branch tips. Our findings suggest that therapeutic approaches that reduce inhibition, when combined with an instructive stimulus, could facilitate restructuring of mature circuits impaired by damage or disease, improving function and perhaps enhancing cognitive abilities.
MIT Department
Harvard University--MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering
Picower Institute for Learning and Memory
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DOI of Published Version
https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2799
